Replace values in Power BI - Cell-by-Cell Formula Trace

Sample Data

This table lists products with some repeated names.

Cell	Value
A1	Product
A2	Apple
A3	Banana
A4	Cherry
A5	Banana
A6	Apple

Formula Trace

NewProduct = SUBSTITUTE(Table1[Product], "Banana", "Orange")

Step 1: SUBSTITUTE("Apple", "Banana", "Orange")

Step 2: SUBSTITUTE("Banana", "Banana", "Orange")

Step 3: SUBSTITUTE("Cherry", "Banana", "Orange")

Step 4: SUBSTITUTE("Banana", "Banana", "Orange")

Step 5: SUBSTITUTE("Apple", "Banana", "Orange")

Cell Reference Map

   A       
1 Product   
2 Apple    
3 Banana   
4 Cherry   
5 Banana   
6 Apple    

Formula references Table1[Product] column cells A2 to A6.

The formula reads each product name from the Product column to check for 'Banana' to replace.

Result

   A         B        
1 Product   NewProduct
2 Apple     Apple    
3 Banana    Orange   
4 Cherry    Cherry   
5 Banana    Orange   
6 Apple     Apple    

The new column 'NewProduct' shows 'Banana' replaced by 'Orange', other values remain the same.

Sheet Trace Quiz - 3 Questions

What will the value in NewProduct be for the original value 'Banana'?

A Orange

B Banana

C Apple

D Cherry

Key Result

SUBSTITUTE(text_column, old_text, new_text) replaces occurrences of old_text with new_text in each text value.

Practice

1. What is the main purpose of using Replace Values in Power BI's Power Query?

easy

A. To clean or standardize data by changing specific values

B. To create new calculated columns

C. To filter rows based on conditions

D. To merge two tables together

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand Replace Values function

   Replace Values is used to change specific values in a column to clean or standardize data.

2. Step 2: Compare with other options

   Creating columns, filtering rows, or merging tables are different operations not related to Replace Values.

3. Final Answer:

   To clean or standardize data by changing specific values -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Replace Values = Clean or standardize data [OK]

Hint: Replace Values changes data entries to fix or standardize them [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Confusing Replace Values with creating new columns
• Thinking Replace Values filters data
• Mixing Replace Values with merging tables

2. Which of the following is the correct syntax to replace all occurrences of "old" with "new" in the column "Status" using Table.ReplaceValue in Power Query M language?

easy

A. Table.ReplaceValue(Source, "old", "new", Replacer.ReplaceText)

B. Table.ReplaceValue(Source, "old", "new", Replacer.ReplaceValue, {"Status"})

C. Table.ReplaceValue(Source, "old", "new", Replacer.ReplaceText, "Status")

D. Table.ReplaceValue(Source, "old", "new", Replacer.ReplaceText, {"Status"})

Solution

1. Step 1: Identify correct replacer and column list

   The correct replacer for text replacement is Replacer.ReplaceText and the columns must be passed as a list, e.g., {"Status"}.

2. Step 2: Check syntax correctness

   Table.ReplaceValue(Source, "old", "new", Replacer.ReplaceText, {"Status"}) uses correct replacer and column list syntax. Options B, C, and D have wrong replacer or column argument format.

3. Final Answer:

   Table.ReplaceValue(Source, "old", "new", Replacer.ReplaceText, {"Status"}) -> Option D

4. Quick Check:

   Correct replacer and column list = Table.ReplaceValue(Source, "old", "new", Replacer.ReplaceText, {"Status"}) [OK]

Hint: Use Replacer.ReplaceText and column list in curly braces [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using wrong replacer like Replacer.ReplaceValue
• Passing column name as string instead of list
• Omitting replacer argument

3. Given the following Power Query M code snippet:

let
  Source = Table.FromRecords({[Name="John", Age=30], [Name="john", Age=25]}),
  Replaced = Table.ReplaceValue(Source, "john", "Jonathan", Replacer.ReplaceText, {"Name"})
in
  Replaced

What will be the value in the "Name" column for the second row after replacement?

medium

A. john

B. John

C. Jonathan

D. Error

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand case sensitivity in ReplaceValue

   Table.ReplaceValue with Replacer.ReplaceText is case sensitive by default, so "john" (lowercase) matches only exact lowercase.

2. Step 2: Check the second row value

   The second row has "john" lowercase, so it matches and should be replaced with "Jonathan". But the first row "John" with uppercase J is not replaced.

3. Final Answer:

   Jonathan -> Option C

4. Quick Check:

   Case sensitive replace changes "john" to "Jonathan" [OK]

Hint: ReplaceValue is case sensitive by default [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Assuming replace is case insensitive
• Expecting "John" to be replaced
• Confusing row order

4. You wrote this Power Query M code to replace "N/A" with null in the "Score" column:

Table.ReplaceValue(Source, "N/A", null, Replacer.ReplaceText, {"Score"})

But it throws an error. What is the likely cause?

medium

A. Using Replacer.ReplaceText instead of Replacer.ReplaceValue for text replacement

B. Replacing with null is not allowed in Power Query

C. The column list should be a string, not a list

D. The source table is missing

Solution

1. Step 1: Check replacer type for text replacement

   Replacing text values with null requires Replacer.ReplaceValue, not Replacer.ReplaceText.

2. Step 2: Understand null replacement

   Replacing with null is valid, but replacer must match data type operation. Using wrong replacer causes error.

3. Final Answer:

   Using Replacer.ReplaceText instead of Replacer.ReplaceValue for text replacement -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Correct replacer needed for text replace [OK]

Hint: Use Replacer.ReplaceValue for null replacement, not ReplaceText [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using wrong replacer for text replacement
• Thinking null replacement is invalid
• Passing column name as string instead of list

5. You have a table with a "Category" column containing values: "Fruit", "fruit", "FRUIT", and "Vegetable". You want to replace all variations of "fruit" (case insensitive) with "Produce" using Power Query. Which approach correctly achieves this?

hard

A. Use Table.ReplaceValue with Replacer.ReplaceText and set case insensitive option

B. Add a custom column with Text.Lower and replace "fruit" with "Produce" there

C. Use Table.ReplaceValue with Replacer.ReplaceText multiple times for each case variant

D. Use Table.ReplaceValue with Replacer.ReplaceValue ignoring case automatically

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand case sensitivity of ReplaceValue

   Table.ReplaceValue with Replacer.ReplaceText is case sensitive and does not have a built-in case insensitive option.

2. Step 2: Replace all case variants

   Adding a custom column with Text.Lower converts all values to lowercase, allowing a single replace of "fruit" with "Produce" in that column.

3. Step 3: Evaluate other options

   Using multiple ReplaceValue calls is inefficient and error-prone. No case insensitive flag exists for ReplaceValue. ReplaceValue does not ignore case automatically.

4. Final Answer:

   Add a custom column with Text.Lower and replace "fruit" with "Produce" there -> Option B

5. Quick Check:

   Use Text.Lower in custom column for case insensitive replace [OK]

Hint: Use Text.Lower in custom column for case insensitive replace [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Expecting case insensitive replace by default
• Trying to replace all cases in one call
• Using wrong replacer or ignoring case