Raised Fist0

Part–Whole Relationship

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Introduction

Part-Whole analogies यह परखती हैं कि कब एक term किसी दूसरे का component, member, या constituent है। यह pattern महत्वपूर्ण है क्योंकि कई reasoning questions आपसे parts को उनके wholes (या उल्टा) जल्दी और सटीक तरीके से map करने के लिए पूछते हैं।

Pattern: Part–Whole Relationship

Pattern: Part–Whole Relationship

मुख्य concept यह है: यह पहचानें कि क्या पहला pair एक part → whole (या whole → part) संबंध दिखाता है, और फिर उसी दिशा में दूसरा pair पूरा करें।

Step-by-Step Example

Question

Petal : Flower :: Leaf : ______
(A) Plant (B) Tree (C) Branch (D) Fruit

Solution

  1. Step 1: पहले pair में संबंध पहचानें।

    एक Petal किसी Flower का भाग है - यह एक part → whole संबंध है।

  2. Step 2: उसी direction को दूसरे pair पर लागू करें।

    एक Leaf किसी Plant का भाग है (whole)। विकल्पों में से Plant सही whole है।

  3. Final Answer:

    Plant → Option A

  4. Quick Check:

    Petal : Flower (part → whole) और Leaf : Plant (part → whole) - संबंध मेल खाता है ✅

Quick Variations

1. Whole → Part (e.g., Car : Engine :: Tree : ______ (Branch)).

2. Member → Group (e.g., Player : Team :: Soldier : Army).

3. Component → Assembly (e.g., Keyboard : Computer :: Wheel : Bicycle).

4. Fractional parts (e.g., Slice : Cake :: Page : Book).

Trick to Always Use

  • Step 1 → Pair को "X is part of Y" या "Y contains X" में rephrase करें ताकि direction लॉक हो जाए।
  • Step 2 → हर विकल्प को उस वाक्य में डालकर देखें - जो natural लगे वही सही होगा।

Summary

  • पहले direction तय करें: क्या यह part → whole है या whole → part?
  • रिश्ते को एक short sentence में बदलें: "X is part of Y" या "Y contains X".
  • हर विकल्प को उस वाक्य में substitute करें; जो factual रूप से सही बने उसे चुनें।
  • ऐसे विकल्पों को eliminate करें जो संबंधित तो हैं पर सही part/whole नहीं हैं (जैसे मिलते-जुलते objects या functions)।

याद रखने का example:
Petal : Flower :: Leaf : Plant

Practice

(1/5)
1. Wheel : Car :: Wing : ______
easy
A. Plane
B. Hangar
C. Engine
D. Tail

Solution

  1. Step 1: Identify the relationship.

    A Wheel is a part of a Car - part → whole.

  2. Step 2: Apply the same relationship.

    A Wing is a part of a Plane - part → whole.

  3. Final Answer:

    Plane → Option A

  4. Quick Check:

    Wheel : Car :: Wing : Plane - part-to-whole relation preserved ✅
Hint: Rephrase as 'X is part of Y' and substitute each option to see which reads correctly.
Common Mistakes: Choosing 'Tail' - both are parts of a plane, but the analogy requires the same part-whole direction, not another component of the same object.
2. Engine : Train :: Heart : ______
easy
A. Body
B. Blood
C. Vein
D. Chest

Solution

  1. Step 1: Identify the relationship.

    An Engine is a part of a Train - part → whole.

  2. Step 2: Apply the same pattern.

    The Heart is a part of the Body - part → whole.

  3. Final Answer:

    Body → Option A

  4. Quick Check:

    Engine : Train :: Heart : Body ✅
Hint: Convert the relation to 'X is part of Y' to verify direction.
Common Mistakes: Choosing 'Chest' - it's a location, not the whole system containing the heart.
3. Chapter : Book :: Episode : ______
easy
A. Movie
B. Film
C. Series
D. Screen

Solution

  1. Step 1: Recognize the relationship.

    A Chapter is a part of a Book - part → whole.

  2. Step 2: Apply same logic.

    An Episode is a part of a Series (a TV series or web series) - part → whole.

  3. Final Answer:

    Series → Option C

  4. Quick Check:

    Chapter : Book :: Episode : Series ✅
Hint: If the first term is a smaller segment of a larger unit, maintain the same ratio.
Common Mistakes: Choosing 'Movie' - movies don’t have episodes, series/shows do.
4. Player : Team :: Soldier : ______
medium
A. Camp
B. War
C. Country
D. Army

Solution

  1. Step 1: Identify the first relationship.

    A Player is a part of a Team - member → group.

  2. Step 2: Apply the same rule.

    A Soldier is a part of an Army - member → group.

  3. Final Answer:

    Army → Option D

  4. Quick Check:

    Player : Team :: Soldier : Army ✅
Hint: Use 'X belongs to Y' when the first is a member of a group.
Common Mistakes: Choosing 'War' - that’s an event, not the whole group.
5. Keyboard : Computer :: Page : ______
medium
A. Paragraph
B. Book
C. Pen
D. Chapter

Solution

  1. Step 1: Recognize the structure.

    A Keyboard is a part of a Computer - component → device.

  2. Step 2: Apply the same pattern.

    A Page is a part of a Book - component → whole.

  3. Final Answer:

    Book → Option B

  4. Quick Check:

    Keyboard : Computer :: Page : Book ✅
Hint: Identify whether the relation is between component and device or segment and collection.
Common Mistakes: Choosing 'Chapter' - a chapter contains pages, not vice versa.