Browser options and capabilities in Selenium Python - Cheat Sheet & Quick Revision

Recall & Review

beginner

What are browser options in Selenium?

Browser options are settings you can configure before starting a browser in Selenium. They let you customize the browser's behavior, like running it in headless mode or disabling pop-ups.

intermediate

What is the difference between browser options and capabilities?

Browser options are specific settings for a browser instance, while capabilities describe the browser's features and environment, often used to tell Selenium what kind of browser session to create.

beginner

How do you set Chrome to run in headless mode using Selenium Python?

You create a ChromeOptions object, call add_argument('--headless'), then pass it to the Chrome driver. This runs Chrome without opening a visible window.

intermediate

Why use capabilities when running tests on remote Selenium servers?

Capabilities tell the remote server what browser, version, and platform you want. This helps the server start the right browser environment for your tests.

beginner

Give an example of a capability you might set for a browser session.

An example is setting 'acceptInsecureCerts' to True, which allows the browser to accept websites with invalid SSL certificates during testing.

Which Selenium class is used to set Chrome browser options in Python?

A webdriver.BrowserOptions()

B webdriver.ChromeCapabilities()

C webdriver.Options()

D webdriver.ChromeOptions()

webdriver.ChromeOptions() is the correct class to configure Chrome-specific options.

What does running a browser in 'headless' mode mean?

A Browser runs with extra debugging info

B Browser runs slower for testing

C Browser runs without a graphical window

D Browser runs with limited internet access

Headless mode means the browser runs without opening a visible window, useful for automated tests.

Which capability allows a browser to accept insecure SSL certificates?

A acceptInsecureCerts

B ignoreSSLErrors

C allowUnsafeSSL

D sslBypass

The 'acceptInsecureCerts' capability tells the browser to accept invalid SSL certificates.

When using Selenium Grid, where do you specify browser capabilities?

A In the DesiredCapabilities object sent to the remote server

B In the browser's local settings

C In the test script's main function

D In the browser's bookmarks

Capabilities are sent to the remote Selenium server to specify the browser environment.

Which method adds an argument to ChromeOptions in Selenium Python?

A include_argument()

B add_argument()

C append_argument()

D set_argument()

add_argument() is used to add command-line arguments to ChromeOptions.

Explain how to configure a Chrome browser to run headless using Selenium in Python.

Think about how to tell Chrome not to open a window.

Describe the role of capabilities when running Selenium tests on a remote server.

Capabilities help the server know what browser setup you want.