pytest with Selenium setup in Selenium Python

Introduction

We use pytest with Selenium to write and run browser tests easily. It helps check if websites work correctly.

You want to test if a website's buttons and links work.

You need to check a website on different browsers automatically.

You want to run many tests quickly without opening browsers manually.

You want clear reports showing which tests passed or failed.

Syntax

Selenium Python

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver

@pytest.fixture
def browser():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    yield driver
    driver.quit()

def test_example(browser):
    browser.get('https://example.com')
    assert 'Example Domain' in browser.title

Use @pytest.fixture to set up and clean the browser before and after tests.

The yield keyword pauses the fixture to run the test, then continues to close the browser.

Examples

This example uses Firefox browser instead of Chrome.

Selenium Python

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver

@pytest.fixture
def browser():
    driver = webdriver.Firefox()
    yield driver
    driver.quit()

A simple test that opens Google and checks the page title.

Selenium Python

def test_google_title(browser):
    browser.get('https://google.com')
    assert 'Google' in browser.title

Sample Program

This test opens example.com and checks if the page title contains 'Example Domain'. The browser opens, runs the test, then closes.

Selenium Python

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver

@pytest.fixture
def browser():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    yield driver
    driver.quit()

def test_example_domain_title(browser):
    browser.get('https://example.com')
    assert 'Example Domain' in browser.title

Important Notes

Make sure you have the correct WebDriver installed (like chromedriver for Chrome).

Keep your WebDriver version compatible with your browser version.

Use pytest command in terminal to run tests.

Summary

pytest with Selenium helps automate browser tests easily.

Use fixtures to open and close browsers cleanly.

Write simple tests to check website titles or elements.

Practice

1. What is the main purpose of using pytest fixtures in Selenium tests?

easy

A. To set up and tear down the browser before and after tests

B. To write assertions inside the test functions

C. To locate elements on the web page

D. To generate test reports automatically

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand pytest fixtures role

   Fixtures in pytest are used to prepare the test environment and clean up after tests, such as opening and closing browsers.

2. Step 2: Match fixture purpose with Selenium tests

   In Selenium tests, fixtures typically launch the browser before a test and close it after, ensuring clean test runs.

3. Final Answer:

   To set up and tear down the browser before and after tests -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Fixtures manage setup/cleanup = A [OK]

Hint: Fixtures handle setup and cleanup in tests [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Confusing fixtures with assertions
• Thinking fixtures locate elements
• Assuming fixtures generate reports

2. Which of the following is the correct way to define a pytest fixture that opens a Chrome browser using Selenium?

easy

A. def browser():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
yield driver
driver.quit()

B. @pytest.fixture
def browser():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
yield driver
driver.quit()

C. @pytest.test
def browser():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
yield driver
driver.quit()

D. @fixture
def browser():
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
yield driver
driver.quit()

Solution

1. Step 1: Identify correct pytest fixture decorator

   The correct decorator to define a fixture is @pytest.fixture.

2. Step 2: Check function structure for setup and teardown

   The function creates a driver, yields it for test use, then quits the driver after the test.

3. Final Answer:

   @pytest.fixture\ndef browser():\n driver = webdriver.Chrome()\n yield driver\n driver.quit() -> Option B

4. Quick Check:

   Use @pytest.fixture for fixtures = A [OK]

Hint: Always use @pytest.fixture decorator for fixtures [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Missing @pytest.fixture decorator
• Using wrong decorator like @pytest.test
• Forgetting to quit the driver

3. Given the following pytest test code, what will be the output when running the test?

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver

@pytest.fixture
def browser():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    yield driver
    driver.quit()


def test_google_title(browser):
    browser.get('https://www.google.com')
    assert 'Google' in browser.title

medium

A. Test passes if the browser opens Google and title contains 'Google'

B. Test fails because browser.title is empty

C. SyntaxError due to missing import

D. RuntimeError because driver.quit() is called too early

Solution

1. Step 1: Analyze fixture and test function

   The fixture opens Chrome, yields the driver, and quits after test. The test navigates to Google and asserts title contains 'Google'.

2. Step 2: Understand expected behavior

   Since Google page title contains 'Google', the assertion passes and test completes successfully.

3. Final Answer:

   Test passes if the browser opens Google and title contains 'Google' -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Title contains 'Google' means pass = B [OK]

Hint: Check page title contains expected text for pass [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Assuming title is empty before page load
• Thinking driver.quit() runs before test
• Missing import statements

4. Identify the error in this pytest Selenium setup code:

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver

@pytest.fixture
def browser():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    return driver
    driver.quit()


def test_example(browser):
    browser.get('https://example.com')
    assert 'Example' in browser.title

medium

A. Assertion syntax is incorrect

B. Missing @pytest.test decorator on test_example

C. driver.quit() is never called because it is after return

D. webdriver.Chrome() is not imported correctly

Solution

1. Step 1: Check fixture function flow

   The fixture returns driver before calling driver.quit(), so quit() never runs.

2. Step 2: Understand impact on test

   Without quitting, browser stays open, causing resource leaks and flaky tests.

3. Final Answer:

   driver.quit() is never called because it is after return -> Option C

4. Quick Check:

   Code after return is ignored = D [OK]

Hint: Put cleanup code after yield, not after return [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Placing driver.quit() after return
• Confusing @pytest.test with @pytest.fixture
• Ignoring proper assertion syntax

5. You want to run a Selenium test with pytest that opens Firefox, navigates to a page, and checks a button is clickable. Which pytest fixture setup is best practice to ensure browser opens and closes properly?

hard

A. @pytest.fixture
def browser():
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.quit()
yield driver

B. def browser():
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
return driver
driver.quit()

C. @pytest.fixture
def browser():
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
yield driver

D. @pytest.fixture
def browser():
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
yield driver
driver.quit()

Solution

1. Step 1: Review proper fixture structure for setup and teardown

   Best practice is to create driver, yield it for test use, then quit after test finishes.

2. Step 2: Evaluate each option

   @pytest.fixture def browser(): driver = webdriver.Firefox() yield driver driver.quit() correctly uses yield and calls quit after test. def browser(): driver = webdriver.Firefox() return driver driver.quit() quits after return (never runs). @pytest.fixture def browser(): driver = webdriver.Firefox() driver.quit() yield driver quits before yield (browser closed too early). @pytest.fixture def browser(): driver = webdriver.Firefox() yield driver never quits browser.

3. Final Answer:

   @pytest.fixture\ndef browser():\n driver = webdriver.Firefox()\n yield driver\n driver.quit() -> Option D

4. Quick Check:

   Yield before quit ensures proper cleanup = C [OK]

Hint: Yield driver, then quit after test for clean browser [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Calling quit before yield
• Not quitting browser at all
• Using return instead of yield in fixture