Page factory pattern in Selenium Python - Interactive Code Practice

Practice - 5 Tasks

1fill in blank

easy

Complete the code to import the PageFactory class from selenium.

Selenium Python

from selenium.webdriver.support.[1] import PageFactory

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

Apage_factory

Bpagefactory

CPageFactory

DPagefactory

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using underscore or incorrect casing in the submodule name.

Trying to import PageFactory directly without submodule.

The correct import is from selenium.webdriver.support.pagefactory import PageFactory with exact casing.

2fill in blank

medium

Complete the code to initialize page elements using PageFactory.

Selenium Python

PageFactory.[1](driver, self)

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

AinitElements

Binitialize_elements

Cinit_elements

DinitializeElements

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using camelCase method names which do not exist in Python.

Misspelling the method name.

The method to initialize elements is init_elements in snake_case.

3fill in blank

hard

Fix the error in the locator declaration for a button element.

Selenium Python

submit_button = driver.find_element(By.[1], "submit")

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

AXPATH

BNAME

CCLASS_NAME

DID

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using lowercase locators (must be ID, not id).

Choosing wrong locator type like XPATH for simple id.

Using deprecated find_element_by_* methods.

In modern Selenium Python, use find_element(By.ID, "submit"). Locator strategies are uppercase.

4fill in blank

hard

Fill both blanks to declare a page element locator tuple for the PageFactory pattern.

Selenium Python

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

class LoginPage:
    username = (By.[1], [2])

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

AID

BNAME

C"username_field"

D"[name='username']"

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Omitting double quotes around the selector value.

Using lowercase locator strategy (ID not id).

Wrong locator strategy or selector.

Page elements are declared as tuples (By.ID, "username_field") for PageFactory to bind during init_elements.

5fill in blank

hard

Fill all three blanks to create a dictionary comprehension that maps element names to their text if visible.

Selenium Python

elements_text = {name: element.text for name, element in [1].items() if element.is_[2]() and element.text [3] ''}

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

A!=

Bdisplayed

Cself.elements

Dvisible

Eelements

Fis_displayed

G==

His_visible

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using wrong method name for visibility check.

Using equality operator instead of inequality.

Using wrong variable name for elements.

The dictionary comprehension iterates over elements dictionary, checks if each element is displayed using is_displayed(), and includes only those with non-empty text (!= '').

Practice

1. What is the main purpose of using the Page Factory pattern in Selenium with Python?

easy

A. To generate test reports automatically

B. To execute tests faster by parallel processing

C. To group web elements in a class for easier access and maintenance

D. To handle browser pop-ups and alerts

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand the role of Page Factory

   Page Factory helps organize web elements by grouping them in a class, making tests easier to read and maintain.

2. Step 2: Compare with other options

   Options B, C, and D describe different Selenium features unrelated to Page Factory's main purpose.

3. Final Answer:

   To group web elements in a class for easier access and maintenance -> Option C

4. Quick Check:

   Page Factory = Group elements for easy access [OK]

Hint: Page Factory groups elements in classes for neat tests [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Confusing Page Factory with test execution speed
• Thinking it generates reports
• Assuming it handles browser alerts

2. Which of the following is the correct way to declare a web element using Page Factory in Selenium Python?

easy

A. element = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'username')

B. username = (By.ID, 'username')

C. username = self.driver.find_element_by_id('username')

D. username = self.driver.find_element(By.ID, 'username')

Solution

1. Step 1: Identify Page Factory syntax in Python

   Page Factory uses class attributes with locator tuples like (By.ID, 'username') to declare elements before initializing them.

2. Step 2: Check each option

   username = (By.ID, 'username') shows the correct locator tuple usage, which is standard in Page Factory.

3. Final Answer:

   username = (By.ID, 'username') -> Option B

4. Quick Check:

   Page Factory uses locator tuples (By.xx, 'value') [OK]

Hint: Declare Page Factory elements as (By.xx, 'value') tuples [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using direct driver.find_element calls instead of Page Factory declarations
• Missing the locator tuple syntax
• Assigning elements directly without initialization

3. Given the following code snippet using Page Factory in Selenium Python, what will be the output of print(page.login_button.is_displayed()) if the button is visible on the page?

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.page_factory import PageFactory

class LoginPage:
    def __init__(self, driver):
        self.driver = driver
        PageFactory.init_elements(driver, self)

    login_button = (By.ID, 'loginBtn')

page = LoginPage(driver)
print(page.login_button.is_displayed())

medium

A. True

B. False

C. AttributeError

D. None

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand Page Factory element initialization

   PageFactory.init_elements initializes elements so login_button refers to the actual web element.

2. Step 2: Check the method call

   If the button is visible, is_displayed() returns True, so printing it outputs True.

3. Final Answer:

   True -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Visible element's is_displayed() = True [OK]

Hint: is_displayed() returns True if element is visible [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Expecting None because locator needs initialization
• Confusing AttributeError due to wrong initialization
• Assuming is_displayed() returns string

4. Identify the error in the following Page Factory code snippet and choose the correct fix:

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.page_factory import PageFactory

class HomePage:
    def __init__(self, driver):
        self.driver = driver
        PageFactory.init_elements(self, self.driver)

    submit_button = (By.XPATH, "//button[@id='submit']")

page = HomePage(driver)
page.submit_button.click()

medium

A. Initialize elements with PageFactory.init_elements(driver, self)

B. Replace @FindBy with @find_by (lowercase)

C. Import FindBy from correct module and use it as decorator

D. Import and use find_element instead of PageFactory

Solution

1. Step 1: Check PageFactory.init_elements arguments

   The code uses PageFactory.init_elements(self, self.driver) but arguments must be driver first, then self.

2. Step 2: Confirm correct usage

   Using PageFactory.init_elements(driver, self) fixes the error and allows proper element initialization.

3. Final Answer:

   Initialize elements with PageFactory.init_elements(driver, self) -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   init_elements(driver, self) order [OK]

Hint: PageFactory.init_elements(driver, self) - driver first [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Wrong argument order for PageFactory.init_elements
• Using wrong decorator name case
• Incorrect PageFactory.init_elements parameters

5. You want to create a Page Factory class for a login page with username, password fields, and a login button. Which approach correctly applies the Page Factory pattern to initialize and use these elements in Selenium Python?

hard

A. Write all element locators inside test functions without any class or decorator

B. Use driver.find_element calls inside each test method without class grouping

C. Create global variables for elements outside any class and access them directly

D. Declare elements with @FindBy decorators, initialize with PageFactory.init_elements, then use element methods

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand Page Factory best practice

   Page Factory groups elements in a class using locator tuples and initializes them with PageFactory.init_elements.

2. Step 2: Compare with other options

   Options B, C, and D do not use Page Factory pattern and lead to less maintainable code.

3. Final Answer:

   Declare elements with @FindBy decorators, initialize with PageFactory.init_elements, then use element methods -> Option D

4. Quick Check:

   Page Factory = locators + init_elements + class grouping [OK]

Hint: Use locators and init_elements to organize page elements [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Skipping class and locators for elements
• Using driver calls directly in tests
• Not initializing elements with PageFactory