Page factory pattern in Selenium Python - Cheat Sheet & Quick Revision

Recall & Review

beginner

What is the Page Factory pattern in Selenium?

Page Factory is a design pattern in Selenium that helps initialize web elements easily using annotations, making tests cleaner and easier to maintain.

beginner

How do you declare a web element using Page Factory in Python?

You define locators as class attributes using tuples with By, and use the @property decorator to lazily locate and return elements when first accessed.

intermediate

Why is Page Factory pattern preferred over traditional element locating?

Because it reduces code duplication, improves readability, and initializes elements only when they are used, which can improve test performance.

intermediate

What is the role of lazy initialization in Page Factory?

It initializes web elements lazily when accessed so they can be used directly without calling find_element repeatedly each time.

beginner

Give a simple example of a Page Factory class in Selenium Python.

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

class LoginPage:
    username_loc = (By.ID, 'username')
    password_loc = (By.ID, 'password')
    login_button_loc = (By.ID, 'login')

    def __init__(self, driver):
        self.driver = driver

    @property
    def username(self):
        return self.driver.find_element(*self.username_loc)

    @property
    def password(self):
        return self.driver.find_element(*self.password_loc)

    @property
    def login_button(self):
        return self.driver.find_element(*self.login_button_loc)

    def login(self, user, pwd):
        self.username.send_keys(user)
        self.password.send_keys(pwd)
        self.login_button.click()

What does the Page Factory pattern help with in Selenium?

A Writing SQL queries

B Managing browser cookies

C Creating database connections

D Initializing web elements efficiently

Page Factory is used to initialize web elements efficiently in Selenium tests.

Which is used to lazily initialize elements in Page Factory (Python)?

A @property

B start_elements

C load_elements

D create_elements

The @property decorator initializes web elements lazily when accessed in the Python Page Factory pattern.

In Page Factory, when are web elements initialized?

A Only when they are used

B At the start of the test suite

C After the test finishes

D Before the browser opens

Page Factory initializes elements lazily, meaning only when they are used.

Which of these is NOT a benefit of using Page Factory?

A Automatic element initialization

B Faster test execution by skipping element checks

C Improved code readability

D Reduced code duplication

Page Factory does not skip element checks; it initializes elements efficiently but does not skip validations.

What is the main purpose of locators in Page Factory?

A To generate reports

B To store test data

C To find web elements on the page

D To manage browser sessions

Locators are used to find web elements on the page for interaction.

Explain the Page Factory pattern and how it improves Selenium test code.

Think about how you find elements in Selenium and how Page Factory changes that.

Describe how you would implement a login page using the Page Factory pattern in Selenium Python.

Imagine the steps a user takes to log in and how to automate them.