INSERT INTO multiple rows in MySQL - Mini Project: Build & Apply

Insert Multiple Rows into a MySQL Table

📖 Scenario: You are managing a small bookstore database. You need to add several new books to the books table at once to keep the inventory updated.

🎯 Goal: Learn how to insert multiple rows into a MySQL table using a single INSERT INTO statement.

📋 What You'll Learn

Create a table named books with columns id, title, and author

Insert multiple rows into the books table in one query

Use exact values for the books as specified

💡 Why This Matters

🌍 Real World

In real life, inserting multiple rows at once is faster and more efficient than inserting one row at a time, especially when adding new data to a database.

💼 Career

Database administrators and developers often need to bulk insert data into tables quickly and correctly, making this skill essential for managing real-world databases.

1

Create the books table

Write a SQL statement to create a table called books with three columns: id as an integer primary key, title as a variable character string of length 100, and author as a variable character string of length 100.

MySQL

-- Your code here

Hint

Use CREATE TABLE with column definitions and specify PRIMARY KEY for id.

2

Prepare the list of books to insert

Define the exact three books to insert: (1, 'The Great Gatsby', 'F. Scott Fitzgerald'), (2, '1984', 'George Orwell'), and (3, 'To Kill a Mockingbird', 'Harper Lee'). You will use these values in the next step.

MySQL

CREATE TABLE books (
  id INT PRIMARY KEY,
  title VARCHAR(100),
  author VARCHAR(100)
);
-- Prepare the list of books to insert
-- Your code here

Hint

Just add comments listing the exact book tuples for clarity before inserting.

3

Insert multiple rows into the books table

Write a single INSERT INTO books (id, title, author) statement that inserts all three books: (1, 'The Great Gatsby', 'F. Scott Fitzgerald'), (2, '1984', 'George Orwell'), and (3, 'To Kill a Mockingbird', 'Harper Lee').

MySQL

CREATE TABLE books (
  id INT PRIMARY KEY,
  title VARCHAR(100),
  author VARCHAR(100)
);

-- Books to insert:
-- (1, 'The Great Gatsby', 'F. Scott Fitzgerald')
-- (2, '1984', 'George Orwell')
-- (3, 'To Kill a Mockingbird', 'Harper Lee')

-- Insert all three books in one statement
-- Your code here

Hint

Use one INSERT INTO statement with multiple sets of values separated by commas.

4

Verify the inserted rows

Write a SELECT * FROM books; statement to retrieve all rows from the books table and confirm the insertion.

MySQL

CREATE TABLE books (
  id INT PRIMARY KEY,
  title VARCHAR(100),
  author VARCHAR(100)
);

-- Books to insert:
-- (1, 'The Great Gatsby', 'F. Scott Fitzgerald')
-- (2, '1984', 'George Orwell')
-- (3, 'To Kill a Mockingbird', 'Harper Lee')

INSERT INTO books (id, title, author) VALUES
  (1, 'The Great Gatsby', 'F. Scott Fitzgerald'),
  (2, '1984', 'George Orwell'),
  (3, 'To Kill a Mockingbird', 'Harper Lee');

-- Select all rows to verify
-- Your code here

Hint

Use SELECT * FROM books; to see all rows in the table.

Practice

1. What does the INSERT INTO statement with multiple rows do in MySQL?

easy

A. Updates multiple rows at once

B. Adds several records to a table in one command

C. Deletes multiple rows from a table

D. Creates a new table with multiple rows

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand the purpose of INSERT INTO

   The INSERT INTO statement is used to add new data into a table.

2. Step 2: Recognize multiple rows insertion

   When multiple rows are inserted, several sets of values are added in one command, saving time.

3. Final Answer:

   Adds several records to a table in one command -> Option B

4. Quick Check:

   Multiple rows insertion = Adds many records [OK]

Hint: Multiple rows use commas between parentheses [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Confusing INSERT with DELETE or UPDATE
• Thinking it creates a new table
• Believing it modifies existing rows

2. Which of the following is the correct syntax to insert multiple rows into a table named students with columns id and name?

easy

A. INSERT INTO students (id, name) VALUES (1, 'Alice'), (2, 'Bob');

B. INSERT INTO students VALUES (1, 'Alice'); (2, 'Bob');

C. INSERT INTO students (id, name) VALUES (1, 'Alice') AND (2, 'Bob');

D. INSERT INTO students (id, name) SET (1, 'Alice'), (2, 'Bob');

Solution

1. Step 1: Check the correct use of VALUES and parentheses

   The correct syntax uses VALUES followed by multiple sets of values in parentheses separated by commas.

2. Step 2: Identify the correct option

   INSERT INTO students (id, name) VALUES (1, 'Alice'), (2, 'Bob'); correctly uses VALUES (1, 'Alice'), (2, 'Bob') with commas separating rows.

3. Final Answer:

   INSERT INTO students (id, name) VALUES (1, 'Alice'), (2, 'Bob'); -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   VALUES + multiple parentheses + commas = correct syntax [OK]

Hint: Use VALUES with comma-separated parentheses for rows [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using semicolons between rows instead of commas
• Using AND instead of commas
• Using SET instead of VALUES

3. Given the table products(id INT, name VARCHAR(20)), what will be the result of this query?

INSERT INTO products (id, name) VALUES (1, 'Pen'), (2, 'Pencil');
SELECT * FROM products;

medium

A. [{id:1, name:'Pen'}]

B. Syntax error due to missing commas

C. [{id:1, name:'Pen'}, {id:2, name:'Pencil'}]

D. Empty result, no rows inserted

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand the INSERT query

   The query inserts two rows: one with id=1 and name='Pen', another with id=2 and name='Pencil'.

2. Step 2: Understand the SELECT query

   The SELECT query fetches all rows from the table, so it will show both inserted rows.

3. Final Answer:

   [{id:1, name:'Pen'}, {id:2, name:'Pencil'}] -> Option C

4. Quick Check:

   Multiple rows inserted = multiple rows returned [OK]

Hint: Multiple rows inserted appear in SELECT output [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Assuming only one row inserts
• Thinking syntax error occurs without commas
• Believing no rows are inserted

4. Identify the error in this query:

INSERT INTO employees (id, name) VALUES (1, 'John') (2, 'Jane');

medium

A. Extra semicolon inside VALUES

B. Using single quotes instead of double quotes

C. Missing column names

D. Missing comma between row values

Solution

1. Step 1: Check syntax for multiple rows insertion

   Multiple rows must be separated by commas between parentheses.

2. Step 2: Identify the missing comma

   The query misses a comma between (1, 'John') and (2, 'Jane').

3. Final Answer:

   Missing comma between row values -> Option D

4. Quick Check:

   Rows separated by commas, not just spaces [OK]

Hint: Separate each row with a comma inside VALUES [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Omitting commas between rows
• Confusing quotes usage
• Forgetting column list

5. You want to insert multiple rows into a table orders(order_id, product, quantity). You have this query:

INSERT INTO orders (order_id, product, quantity) VALUES (101, 'Book', 2), (102, 'Pen', 5), (101, 'Notebook', 3);

What problem might occur and how to fix it?

hard

A. Duplicate order_id 101 may cause error if order_id is PRIMARY KEY; fix by using unique IDs

B. Missing commas between rows; fix by adding commas

C. Wrong column order; fix by rearranging columns

D. Using single quotes for strings; fix by using double quotes

Solution

1. Step 1: Identify duplicate primary key values

   If order_id is a PRIMARY KEY, duplicate values like 101 cause insertion errors.

2. Step 2: Fix by ensuring unique keys

   Use unique order_id values for each row to avoid conflicts.

3. Final Answer:

   Duplicate order_id 101 may cause error if order_id is PRIMARY KEY; fix by using unique IDs -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Primary keys must be unique [OK]

Hint: Primary keys must be unique in multiple inserts [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Ignoring duplicate primary key errors
• Confusing commas with semicolons
• Misunderstanding string quoting rules