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WEEKDAY and WORKDAY in Google Sheets - Cheat Sheet & Quick Revision

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Recall & Review
beginner
What does the WEEKDAY function do in Google Sheets?
The WEEKDAY function returns a number representing the day of the week for a given date. For example, Sunday can be 1, Monday 2, and so on, depending on the chosen return type.
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beginner
How do you use the WORKDAY function in Google Sheets?
WORKDAY calculates a date that is a certain number of working days away from a start date, skipping weekends and optionally holidays.
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beginner
What is the default weekend in the WORKDAY function?
By default, WORKDAY treats Saturday and Sunday as weekends and does not count them as working days.
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intermediate
How can you make WEEKDAY start counting from Monday as 1 instead of Sunday?
Use WEEKDAY(date, 2). This makes Monday = 1, Tuesday = 2, ..., Sunday = 7.
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intermediate
How do you exclude holidays in the WORKDAY function?
Add a range or array of holiday dates as the third argument in WORKDAY. These dates will be skipped as non-working days.
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What number does WEEKDAY return for Sunday by default?
A1
B7
C0
DSunday is not counted
Which function would you use to find the date 10 working days after today?
ATODAY()+10
BWEEKDAY(TODAY()+10)
CWORKDAY(TODAY(), 10)
DWORKDAY(TODAY(), -10)
How do you tell WEEKDAY to count Monday as 1?
AWEEKDAY(date, 1)
BWEEKDAY(date)
CWEEKDAY(date, 3)
DWEEKDAY(date, 2)
What days does WORKDAY skip by default?
AFriday and Saturday
BSaturday and Sunday
CSunday only
DNo days are skipped by default
How can you make WORKDAY skip holidays?
AAdd holidays as the third argument
BUse WEEKDAY with holidays
CWORKDAY automatically skips holidays
DYou cannot skip holidays with WORKDAY
Explain how to use the WEEKDAY function to find the day number of a date, and how to change the start day of the week.
Think about the two arguments WEEKDAY takes and what they mean.
You got /4 concepts.
    Describe how the WORKDAY function calculates dates and how you can exclude weekends and holidays.
    Consider how WORKDAY helps with business day calculations.
    You got /5 concepts.

      Practice

      (1/5)
      1. What does the WEEKDAY function return when given a date in Google Sheets?
      easy
      A. The name of the month for that date
      B. The date of the next working day
      C. The number of days between two dates
      D. A number representing the day of the week for that date

      Solution

      1. Step 1: Understand the purpose of WEEKDAY

        The WEEKDAY function returns a number from 1 to 7 representing the day of the week for a given date.

      2. Step 2: Compare options with function behavior

        Only a number representing the day of the week for that date correctly describes this behavior; others describe unrelated functions.

      3. Final Answer:

        A number representing the day of the week for that date -> Option D

      4. Quick Check:

        WEEKDAY = day number [OK]
      Hint: WEEKDAY gives day number, not names or intervals [OK]
      Common Mistakes:
      • Thinking WEEKDAY returns the month's name
      • Confusing WEEKDAY with date difference functions
      • Assuming WEEKDAY returns the next workday
      2. Which of the following is the correct syntax to add 5 working days to a date in cell A1, skipping weekends in Google Sheets?
      easy
      A. =WEEKDAY(A1 + 5)
      B. =WORKDAY(A1, 5)
      C. =WORKDAY(5, A1)
      D. =WORKDAY(A1 + 5)

      Solution

      1. Step 1: Recall WORKDAY function syntax

        WORKDAY(start_date, days, [holidays]) adds working days to start_date, skipping weekends.

      2. Step 2: Check each option's syntax

        =WORKDAY(A1, 5) correctly uses WORKDAY with start_date A1 and 5 days. Others misuse argument order or functions.

      3. Final Answer:

        =WORKDAY(A1, 5) -> Option B

      4. Quick Check:

        WORKDAY(start_date, days) [OK]
      Hint: WORKDAY(start_date, days) adds workdays skipping weekends [OK]
      Common Mistakes:
      • Swapping arguments in WORKDAY
      • Using WEEKDAY instead of WORKDAY to add days
      • Adding days directly without WORKDAY
      3. If cell A1 contains the date 2024-06-14 (a Friday), what will =WORKDAY(A1, 3) return?
      medium
      A. 2024-06-19 (Wednesday)
      B. 2024-06-18 (Tuesday)
      C. 2024-06-17 (Monday)
      D. 2024-06-20 (Thursday)

      Solution

      1. Step 1: Identify the start date and days to add

        Start date is Friday, June 14, 2024. We add 3 working days skipping weekends.

      2. Step 2: Count 3 working days skipping weekend

        Day 1: Monday, June 17
        Day 2: Tuesday, June 18
        Day 3: Wednesday, June 19

      3. Final Answer:

        2024-06-19 (Wednesday) -> Option A

      4. Quick Check:

        WORKDAY skips weekends, so 3 workdays after Friday is Wednesday [OK]
      Hint: Count workdays skipping Sat/Sun after start date [OK]
      Common Mistakes:
      • Counting weekend days as workdays
      • Adding days directly without WORKDAY
      • Misidentifying the weekday of the start date
      4. The formula =WORKDAY(A1, 10, C1:C3) returns an error. What is the most likely cause?
      medium
      A. WORKDAY cannot accept a range for holidays
      B. The second argument must be a date, not a number
      C. The holidays range C1:C3 contains invalid dates
      D. The start date in A1 is not a valid date

      Solution

      1. Step 1: Understand WORKDAY arguments

        WORKDAY(start_date, days, [holidays]) expects holidays as valid dates in a range.

      2. Step 2: Identify common error with holidays

        If holidays range contains invalid or text values, WORKDAY returns an error.

      3. Final Answer:

        The holidays range C1:C3 contains invalid dates -> Option C

      4. Quick Check:

        Invalid holiday dates cause WORKDAY errors [OK]
      Hint: Check holiday dates for validity if WORKDAY errors [OK]
      Common Mistakes:
      • Assuming days argument must be a date
      • Thinking WORKDAY can't accept holiday ranges
      • Ignoring invalid or text values in holidays
      5. You want to find the weekday number of the date that is 7 working days after 2024-06-10, excluding weekends and the holidays in range B1:B2. Which formula correctly does this?
      hard
      A. =WEEKDAY(WORKDAY(DATE(2024,6,10), 7, B1:B2))
      B. =WORKDAY(WEEKDAY(DATE(2024,6,10)), 7, B1:B2)
      C. =WEEKDAY(DATE(2024,6,10) + 7)
      D. =WORKDAY(DATE(2024,6,10), 7) + WEEKDAY(B1:B2)

      Solution

      1. Step 1: Calculate the date 7 working days after June 10, 2024

        Use WORKDAY with start date DATE(2024,6,10), days 7, and holidays B1:B2 to skip weekends and holidays.

      2. Step 2: Find the weekday number of the resulting date

        Wrap the WORKDAY result inside WEEKDAY to get the day number of that date.

      3. Final Answer:

        =WEEKDAY(WORKDAY(DATE(2024,6,10), 7, B1:B2)) -> Option A

      4. Quick Check:

        WORKDAY then WEEKDAY gives weekday number after skipping holidays [OK]
      Hint: Use WORKDAY inside WEEKDAY to get weekday number after workdays [OK]
      Common Mistakes:
      • Using WEEKDAY before WORKDAY
      • Adding days directly ignoring holidays
      • Trying to add WEEKDAY results to dates
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