0
0

Mixed Graphs (Bar + Line / Table + Pie)

Introduction

Mixed-graph questions दो अलग-अलग data displays को combine करते हैं - आमतौर पर bar chart के साथ line chart या table के साथ pie chart। इनका उपयोग absolute values (bars / table) को rates या percentages (line / pie) के साथ compare करने के लिए किया जाता है।

यह pattern इसलिए important है क्योंकि real-world data में counts और rates अक्सर साथ दिखते हैं (जैसे sales volume vs profit margin)। आपको दोनों displays को सही तरह पढ़कर datasets को link करना होता है और फिर required calculations करनी होती हैं।

Pattern: Mixed Graphs (Bar + Line / Table + Pie)

Pattern

Key concept: हर display से values अलग-अलग निकालें (bar/table → absolute values; line/pie → percentage या trend), फिर सही formulas से combine करें (percentage of total, ratio, difference, या derived value जैसे profit = sales × profit%).

Common steps:
1. Bar/table से absolute numbers पढ़ें।
2. Line/pie से percentages या trends पढ़ें।
3. Formula apply करें: Value = (percent × base) ÷ 100 या rate और volume combine करके derived amount निकालें।

Step-by-Step Example

Question

नीचे दिया गया chart एक combined bar (sales in ₹ lakhs) और line (profit %) graph है। Table में उसी अवधि के Discounts (₹ lakhs) दिए गए हैं।
Find: (a) 2023 का profit amount (₹ lakhs), और (b) 2023 का net revenue (Sales - Discount)।

YearDiscount (₹ lakhs)
202110
202212
202320

Given: Sales 2023 = ₹200 lakhs; Profit% 2023 = 15%; Discount 2023 = ₹20 lakhs.

Solution

  1. Step 1: Base values identify करें

    Sales = 200 lakhs; Profit% = 15%; Discount = 20 lakhs

  2. Step 2: Percentage formula apply करें

    Profit = (15 × 200) ÷ 100

  3. Step 3: Profit amount compute करें

    Profit = 30 lakhs

  4. Step 4: Net revenue निकालें

    Net revenue = 200 - 20 = 180 lakhs

  5. Final Answer:

    Profit = ₹30 lakhs; Net revenue = ₹180 lakhs

  6. Quick Check:

    15% of 200 = 30 ✔️; 200 - 20 = 180 ✔️

Quick Variations

1. Bar + line → profit, tax, commission जैसे derived values निकालना।

2. Table + pie → table total को base मानकर pie% से actual values निकालना।

3. Clustered bar + line → categories compare करना + trend पढ़ना।

4. Missing data → एक graph से totals और दूसरे से percentages लेकर missing value निकालना।

Trick to Always Use

  • Step 1: दोनों displays से values अलग-अलग पढ़ें - mix न करें।
  • Step 2: Percentage को हमेशा correct base पर apply करें।
  • Step 3: Units (₹, lakhs, thousands) एक जैसे रखें।

Summary

Summary

  • Absolute values (bars/tables) और rate values (line/pie) को अलग-अलग extract करें।
  • Value = (percent × base) ÷ 100 का उपयोग करें।
  • Calculate करने से पहले units standardize करें।
  • Quick re-check से calculation errors avoid होते हैं।

Practice

(1/5)
1.

The following mixed chart shows Sales (in ₹ lakh) as bars and Profit % as a line for three years. Find the Profit amount in 2023.

Data (readable): Sales (₹ lakh) - 2021: 100; 2022: 140; 2023: 180. Profit% - 2021: 10%; 2022: 12%; 2023: 15%.

easy
A. ₹27 lakh
B. ₹25 lakh
C. ₹24 lakh
D. ₹30 lakh

Solution

  1. Step 1: Read the base values:

    Sales (2023) = ₹180 lakh; Profit% (2023) = 15%.

  2. Step 2: Apply percentage formula:

    Profit = (Profit% × Sales) ÷ 100 = (15 × 180) ÷ 100.

  3. Step 3: Compute:

    Profit = 2700 ÷ 100 = ₹27 lakh.

  4. Final Answer:

    ₹27 lakh → Option A.

  5. Quick Check:

    0.15 × 180 = 27 ✅

Hint: Multiply sales by (profit% ÷ 100).
Common Mistakes: Using wrong year's sales or forgetting to divide by 100.
2.

The mixed visual below shows Annual Sales (bars, in ₹ 000) and Expense % (line) for three years. Find the average expense % over the three years.

Data (readable): Expense% - 2020: 20%; 2021: 25%; 2022: 30% (sales shown for context in ₹ 000).

easy
A. 22%
B. 25%
C. 27%
D. 28%

Solution

  1. Step 1: List expense percentages:

    20%, 25%, 30%.

  2. Step 2: Compute simple average:

    Average = (20 + 25 + 30) ÷ 3 = 75 ÷ 3 = 25%.

  3. Final Answer:

    25% → Option B.

  4. Quick Check:

    Values centre around 25% → average 25% ✅

Hint: For equally weighted periods, average = sum ÷ count.
Common Mistakes: Using weighted average without weights or dividing by wrong count.
3.

The table shows the city's annual budget and the pie chart shows departmental shares. Total budget = ₹800 lakh. Find the R&D allocation if the pie slice indicates 25% for R&D.

Data (readable): Total budget = ₹800 lakh; R&D = 25% of total.

ItemValue
Total Budget₹800 lakh
easy
A. ₹150 lakh
B. ₹175 lakh
C. ₹200 lakh
D. ₹250 lakh

Solution

  1. Step 1: Identify total and percentage:

    Total budget = ₹800 lakh; R&D share = 25%.

  2. Step 2: Apply percentage formula:

    Allocation = (25 × 800) ÷ 100 = 200.

  3. Final Answer:

    ₹200 lakh → Option C.

  4. Quick Check:

    25% of 800 = 0.25 × 800 = 200 ✅

Hint: Multiply total by (percentage ÷ 100) to get the share.
Common Mistakes: Forgetting the unit (lakh) or misplacing decimal.
4.

The mixed visual shows Sales (bars, in ₹ lakh) for Companies A & B and the Profit % (line) for each in 2022. Which company earned the higher profit amount in 2022?

Data (readable): A → Sales ₹150 lakh, Profit% = 12%; B → Sales ₹140 lakh, Profit% = 10%.

medium
A. A
B. B
C. Equal
D. Cannot be determined

Solution

  1. Step 1: Compute A’s profit:

    A profit = 12% of 150 = (12 × 150) ÷ 100 = 18 (₹ lakh).

  2. Step 2: Compute B’s profit:

    B profit = 10% of 140 = (10 × 140) ÷ 100 = 14 (₹ lakh).

  3. Step 3: Compare amounts:

    18 > 14 → Company A earned higher profit.

  4. Final Answer:

    A → Option A.

  5. Quick Check:

    12% of 150 = 18; 10% of 140 = 14 ✅

Hint: Compute (profit% × sales) ÷ 100 for each firm, then compare.
Common Mistakes: Comparing percentages alone without applying to sales base.
5.

The table shows annual sales (₹ lakh) for four products and the pie chart shows profit-share (%) by product. Total company profit = ₹80 lakh. Find the profit of Product C.

Data (readable): Total profit = ₹80 lakh; Product C share = 20% (as shown in pie).

ProductSales (₹ lakh)
A100
B120
C80
D60
medium
A. ₹10 lakh
B. ₹12 lakh
C. ₹14 lakh
D. ₹16 lakh

Solution

  1. Step 1: Identify total profit and C’s percent:

    Total profit = ₹80 lakh; C’s share = 20%.

  2. Step 2: Apply percentage formula:

    Profit for C = (20 × 80) ÷ 100 = 1600 ÷ 100 = ₹16 lakh.

  3. Final Answer:

    ₹16 lakh → Option D.

  4. Quick Check:

    0.20 × 80 = 16 ✅

Hint: Multiply total profit by (percentage ÷ 100) to get allocation.
Common Mistakes: Applying percentage to sales instead of to the given total profit base.

Mock Test

Ready for a challenge?

Take a 10-minute AI-powered test with 10 questions (Easy-Medium-Hard mix) and get instant SWOT analysis of your performance!

10 Questions
5 Minutes