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Caselet / Paragraph-Based DI

Introduction

Caselet / Paragraph-Based Data Interpretation में सभी डेटा एक छोटे paragraph (caselet) के अंदर दिया होता है न कि साफ़-सुथरे tables या charts में। आपको sentences से numbers, relationships और constraints ध्यान से निकालने होते हैं, उन्हें छोटे equations या एक mini-table में बदलना होता है, और फिर required result compute करना होता है।

यह pattern reading comprehension और numerical accuracy दोनों की परीक्षा लेता है - किसी वाक्य को गलत पढ़ना या किसी unit को miss करना साधारण गलतियों का सबसे बड़ा कारण होता है।

Pattern: Caselet / Paragraph-Based DI

Pattern

मुख्य concept: Sentences को structured data (variables/table/equations) में बदलें उसके बाद calculation करें।

Reliable approach: (1) numeric facts और units extract करें, (2) relationships को equations की तरह लिखें, (3) एक छोटा table या variable list बनाएं, (4) step-by-step compute करें और आख़िरी arithmetic चेक करें।

Step-by-Step Example

Question

पिछले महीने शहर की एक बड़ी bookstore ने कुल sales ₹5,00,000 दर्ज की। Manager ने बताया कि fiction sales कुल का 40% थीं। Non-fiction sales ₹1,20,000 थीं और manager ने यह भी कहा कि non-fiction ठीक ₹30,000 ज्यादा थीं children's और academic books के combined sales से। आगे manager ने स्पष्ट किया कि children’s sales ठीक combined children’s + academic sales का एक-तिहाई हैं (यानी children’s sales = उस combined राशि का 1/3)। ऊपर दी गई जानकारी का ही उपयोग करते हुए, पिछले महीने बच्चों की किताबों से हुई sales की मात्रा (रुपए में) बताइए।

Solution

  1. Step 1: Numbers और units extract करें:

    Total sales = ₹5,00,000.
    Fiction = कुल का 40%।
    Non-fiction = ₹1,20,000।
    Non-fiction - (children + academic) = ₹30,000 → इसका मतलब (children + academic) = Non-fiction - 30,000।
    Children’s sales = (1/3) × (children + academic)।

  2. Step 2: ज्ञात category values compute करें:

    Fiction = 40% of 5,00,000 = 0.40 × 5,00,000 = ₹2,00,000.
    दिया गया Non-fiction = ₹1,20,000 (पहले से दिया हुआ)।

  3. Step 3: combined children + academic निकालें:

    children + academic = Non-fiction - 30,000 = 1,20,000 - 30,000 = ₹90,000.

  4. Step 4: children’s fraction लागू करें:

    Children’s sales = (1/3) × (children + academic) = (1/3) × 90,000 = ₹30,000.

  5. Step 5: Final consistency check:

    Category sums verify करें: Fiction (2,00,000) + Non-fiction (1,20,000) + (children + academic) (90,000) = 2,00,000 + 1,20,000 + 90,000 = ₹4,10,000. Reported total sales ₹5,00,000 हैं, तो शेष ₹90,000 अन्य categories के लिए है - यह उपर्युक्त दिए हुए relationships से children’s value पर असर नहीं डालता।

  6. Final Answer:

    ₹30,000 (children’s books).

  7. Quick Check:

    children + academic = 90,000 → children = 1/3 of 90,000 = 30,000। Non-fiction 1,20,000 है जो 90,000 से 30,000 अधिक है → condition संतुष्ट ✅.

Quick Variations

1. Caselet में एक से ज़्यादा categories के लिए percentages और एक absolute value दिया हो - % को रुपये में बदलकर subtract करें।

2. Paragraph में pairwise relations हों (A is 20% more than B; B is 10% less than C) - variables set करके sequentially solve करें।

3. Prose में month-wise figures दिए हों - month-wise numbers को एक mini-table में उतारकर annual totals compute करें।

Trick to Always Use

  • Step 1 → Paragraph को दो बार पढ़ें: पहले context के लिए, दूसरे बार सभी numbers और relationships extract करने के लिए।
  • Step 2 → तुरंत एक छोटा table या variable list लिखें (उदा., Total = …, Fiction = …, C + A = …)।
  • Step 3 → अलजेब्रा/गणना step-by-step करें और अंत में sum/unit check करके consistency verify करें।

Summary

Summary

In the Caselet / Paragraph-Based DI pattern:

  • Paragraph से हर numeric fact और उसका unit सावधानी से extract करें।
  • Relational sentences को equations या एक छोटे table में translate करें (उदा., A = 40% of Total, B + C = …)।
  • अनकहे अनुमान करने से बचें; केवल वही information इस्तेमाल करें जो स्पष्ट रूप से दी गई हो।
  • Step-by-step compute करें और एक final arithmetic/sum check करके verify करें।
  • जब कोई remainder दिखे तो उसे implicitly 'other' category के रूप में पहचानें जब तक caselet कुछ और न कहे।

Practice

(1/5)
1.

Bookstore Monthly Sales

Last month a busy bookstore reported total sales of ₹6,00,000. The manager said fiction accounted for 35% of total sales. Non-fiction sales were reported as ₹1,50,000, and he added that non-fiction was exactly ₹40,000 more than the combined sales of children’s and academic books. Finally, the manager noted that children’s sales were exactly half of the combined children’s + academic amount. Using ONLY the information above, find the amount obtained from children’s books last month.

easy
A. ₹55,000
B. ₹45,000
C. ₹60,000
D. ₹50,000

Solution

  1. Step 1: Extract known values:

    Total = ₹6,00,000. Fiction = 35% of total. Non-fiction = ₹1,50,000. Non-fiction - (children + academic) = ₹40,000. Children = 1/2 × (children + academic).

  2. Step 2: Compute fiction and combined children+academic:

    Fiction = 0.35 × 6,00,000 = ₹2,10,000.
    children + academic = Non-fiction - 40,000 = 1,50,000 - 40,000 = ₹1,10,000.

  3. Step 3: Find children’s sales:

    Children = 1/2 × 1,10,000 = ₹55,000.

  4. Final Answer:

    ₹55,000 → Option A.

  5. Quick Check:

    children + academic = 1,10,000; Non-fiction (1,50,000) is 40,000 more than 1,10,000 ✅

Hint: Translate 'X is Y more than (A + B)' into (A + B) = X - Y, then apply given fractions.
Common Mistakes: Forgetting to convert percentages to rupees before combining with absolute amounts.
2.

Factory Production Mix

A factory produced 50,000 units this quarter across four product lines. The operations manager told you product A made up 40% of total production and product B made up 30%. The remaining units were split between C and D; of these remaining units, product C constituted 60% while D formed the rest. Using the information given, how many units of product C were produced?

easy
A. 8,000 units
B. 9,000 units
C. 10,000 units
D. 12,000 units

Solution

  1. Step 1: Identify totals and percentages:

    Total production = 50,000 units. A = 40% → 0.40 × 50,000 = 20,000 units. B = 30% → 15,000 units.

  2. Step 2: Find remaining units and C’s share:

    Remaining = 50,000 - (20,000 + 15,000) = 15,000 units. C = 60% of remaining = 0.60 × 15,000 = 9,000 units.

  3. Final Answer:

    9,000 units → Option B.

  4. Quick Check:

    C + D = 15,000; C = 9,000, D = 6,000 → sums to 50,000 ✅

Hint: Subtract the big percentages first to get the remainder, then apply the given split.
Common Mistakes: Applying C's 60% to total instead of to the remaining portion.
3.

Corporate Revenue Split

Company Z reported annual revenue of ₹12,00,000 last year. In the management summary it was stated that Product A contributed 40% of the revenue. The CFO noted that Product B’s revenue was 20% less than Product A’s revenue. Based on these statements alone, what was Product B’s revenue?

easy
A. ₹3,60,000
B. ₹4,00,000
C. ₹3,84,000
D. ₹3,20,000

Solution

  1. Step 1: Compute Product A’s revenue:

    A = 40% of 12,00,000 = 0.40 × 12,00,000 = ₹4,80,000.

  2. Step 2: Compute Product B (20% less than A):

    B = A × (1 - 0.20) = 4,80,000 × 0.80 = ₹3,84,000.

  3. Final Answer:

    ₹3,84,000 → Option C.

  4. Quick Check:

    20% of 4,80,000 = 96,000 → 4,80,000 - 96,000 = 3,84,000 ✅

Hint: When something is 'X% less', multiply by (1 - X/100) of the reference value.
Common Mistakes: Subtracting percent of total instead of percent of the referenced category.
4.

Hospital Admissions Breakdown

Over a year a city hospital recorded 24,000 admissions. The medical report said that 60% of admissions were inpatients (the rest were outpatients). Of the inpatients, 55% were male and the remainder female. The female inpatients included pediatric cases that made up 20% of the female inpatient group; the rest were adult females. Using only these figures, how many adult female inpatients did the hospital have that year?

medium
A. 5,000
B. 6,480
C. 1,296
D. 5,184

Solution

  1. Step 1: Compute inpatients:

    Inpatients = 60% of 24,000 = 0.60 × 24,000 = 14,400.

  2. Step 2: Find female inpatients:

    Female% = 100% - 55% = 45% → Female inpatients = 0.45 × 14,400 = 6,480.

  3. Step 3: Subtract pediatric females to get adult females:

    Pediatric females = 20% of 6,480 = 0.20 × 6,480 = 1,296.
    Adult female inpatients = 6,480 - 1,296 = 5,184.

  4. Final Answer:

    5,184 → Option D.

  5. Quick Check:

    6,480 × 0.8 = 5,184 (adult females) ✅

Hint: Work top-down: total → inpatient → female proportion → subtract subgroup to get the required subgroup.
Common Mistakes: Mixing male/female percentages or applying pediatric% to total instead of female subset.
5.

Product Revenue Relationships

A company reported total annual sales of ₹10,00,000 across products A, B, C and D. The annual statement indicated that product A contributed exactly 30% of total sales. The CFO further said product B’s revenue was twice product C’s revenue, and product D’s revenue equalled 50% of product B’s revenue. Using only these relationships, determine product C’s revenue.

medium
A. ₹1,75,000
B. ₹1,50,000
C. ₹2,00,000
D. ₹1,00,000

Solution

  1. Step 1: Compute A and remainder:

    A = 30% of 10,00,000 = 0.30 × 10,00,000 = ₹3,00,000. Remaining for B + C + D = 10,00,000 - 3,00,000 = ₹7,00,000.

  2. Step 2: Express B and D in terms of C:

    B = 2C. D = 50% of B = 0.5 × B = 0.5 × 2C = 1C.

  3. Step 3: Sum B + C + D in terms of C:

    B + C + D = 2C + C + 1C = 4C. This equals ₹7,00,000 → 4C = 7,00,000 → C = 7,00,000 ÷ 4 = ₹1,75,000.

  4. Final Answer:

    ₹1,75,000 → Option A.

  5. Quick Check:

    B = 2 × 1,75,000 = 3,50,000; D = 0.5B = 1,75,000; Sum B+C+D = 3,50,000 + 1,75,000 + 1,75,000 = 7,00,000 ✅

Hint: Write all unknowns in terms of one variable (C) using given ratios, then solve from the remainder.
Common Mistakes: Forgetting D depends on B (50% of B), not on C directly, so form equations first.

Mock Test

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