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Effect of Replacement (Average)

Introduction

कुछ average problems में एक या अधिक values को नए values से replace किया जाता है। इससे सीधे total sum प्रभावित होता है, और उसी के कारण average बदल जाता है। ये questions यह परखते हैं कि आप जल्दी से replaced value या उसके average पर प्रभाव की गणना कर पाते हैं या नहीं।

Logic बहुत simple है: New total - Old total = New value - Replaced value. Average में आए परिवर्तन को terms की संख्या से गुणा करके total में आया net change पाया जा सकता है।

Pattern: Effect of Replacement (Average)

Pattern

Old Total = Average × Number of terms

New Total = New Average × Number of terms

Net Change = New Total - Old Total

Replaced Value = New Value - Net Change

Step-by-Step Example

Question

8 numbers का average 20 है। एक number को 30 से replace किया जाता है और नया average 21 हो जाता है। Replaced number निकालिए।

Options:

  • A) 20
  • B) 22
  • C) 24
  • D) 26

Solution

  1. Step 1: पुराना total निकालें

    8 numbers का average 20 है। Total = Average × Number of terms = 20 × 8 = 160.
  2. Step 2: replacement के बाद नया total निकालें

    नया average 21 है। Total = New Average × Number of terms = 21 × 8 = 168.
  3. Step 3: कुल में आया net change निकालें

    Difference = New Total - Old Total = 168 - 160 = 8.
  4. Step 4: net change को replaced number से जोड़ें

    Net change replacement से आता है: इसलिए New Value - Old Value = 8 → 30 - Old Value = 8.
  5. Step 5: पुराने (replaced) number का मान निकालें

    Old Value = 30 - 8 = 22.
  6. Final Answer:

    22 → Option B
  7. Quick Check:

    अगर 22 हटाकर 30 जोड़ा जाए → New total = 160 - 22 + 30 = 168. New average = 168 ÷ 8 = 21 ✅ प्रश्न से मेल खाता है।

Quick Variations

यदि average घटे: तो replaced number नया value से बड़ा था।

यदि एक से अधिक replacements हों: Net change = (Sum of new values - Sum of replaced values).

Trick to Always Use

  • Step 1: Old total = Average × count.
  • Step 2: New total = New Average × count.
  • Step 3: Totals के अंतर से पता चलता है new value - replaced value.
  • Step 4: इसी से replaced value का मान निकालें।

Summary

Summary

  • Old Total = Average × Number of items.
  • New Total = New Average × Number of items.
  • Difference in totals = New Total - Old Total = New Value - Replaced Value.
  • Replaced Value = New Value - Net Change.

याद रखने के लिए example:
Old total = 160 (8 × 20). New total = 168 (8 × 21). Net change = 8. Replaced number = 30 - 8 = 22.

Practice

(1/5)
1. The average of 5 numbers is 18. If one number 12 is replaced by 22, what will be the new average?
easy
A. 20
B. 19
C. 18
D. 17

Solution

  1. Step 1: Calculate old total

    Old total = 5 × 18 = 90.
  2. Step 2: Apply replacement

    New total = 90 - 12 + 22 = 100.
  3. Step 3: Compute new average

    New average = 100 ÷ 5 = 20.
  4. Final Answer:

    20 → Option A
  5. Quick Check:

    Increase in total = 10 → 10 ÷ 5 = +2 → 18 + 2 = 20 ✅
Hint: Change in average = (change in total) ÷ number of terms.
Common Mistakes: Failing to subtract the removed value before adding the new one.
2. The average of 7 numbers is 15. If one number 10 is replaced by 24, what will be the new average?
easy
A. 16
B. 17
C. 18
D. 15

Solution

  1. Step 1: Calculate old total

    Old total = 7 × 15 = 105.
  2. Step 2: Apply replacement

    New total = 105 - 10 + 24 = 119.
  3. Step 3: Compute new average

    New average = 119 ÷ 7 = 17.
  4. Final Answer:

    17 → Option B
  5. Quick Check:

    Increase = 14 → 14 ÷ 7 = +2 → 15 + 2 = 17 ✅
Hint: Net change ÷ count = change in average.
Common Mistakes: Dividing by wrong count or forgetting to remove the replaced value.
3. The average of 6 numbers is 20. If one number 30 is replaced by 18, what is the new average?
easy
A. 18
B. 19
C. 20
D. 21

Solution

  1. Step 1: Calculate old total

    Old total = 6 × 20 = 120.
  2. Step 2: Apply replacement

    New total = 120 - 30 + 18 = 108.
  3. Step 3: Compute new average

    New average = 108 ÷ 6 = 18.
  4. Final Answer:

    18 → Option A
  5. Quick Check:

    Total drop = 12 → 12 ÷ 6 = 2 → 20 - 2 = 18 ✅
Hint: If new value < old value, average drops by (difference ÷ n).
Common Mistakes: Adding the difference instead of subtracting.
4. The average of 10 numbers is 25. One number 35 is replaced by 15. Find the new average.
medium
A. 24
B. 23
C. 25
D. 22

Solution

  1. Step 1: Calculate old total

    Old total = 10 × 25 = 250.
  2. Step 2: Apply replacement

    New total = 250 - 35 + 15 = 230.
  3. Step 3: Compute new average

    New average = 230 ÷ 10 = 23.
  4. Final Answer:

    23 → Option B
  5. Quick Check:

    Total decrease = 20 → 20 ÷ 10 = 2 → 25 - 2 = 23 ✅
Hint: Compute total change first, then divide by the number of items.
Common Mistakes: Not handling subtraction and addition correctly when replacing.
5. The average weight of 8 persons is 60 kg. One person of weight 70 kg is replaced by another of weight 58 kg. Find the new average weight.
medium
A. 59
B. 59.5
C. 58.5
D. 60

Solution

  1. Step 1: Calculate old total

    Old total = 8 × 60 = 480.
  2. Step 2: Apply replacement

    New total = 480 - 70 + 58 = 468.
  3. Step 3: Compute new average

    New average = 468 ÷ 8 = 58.5.
  4. Final Answer:

    58.5 → Option C
  5. Quick Check:

    Drop = 12 → 12 ÷ 8 = 1.5 → 60 - 1.5 = 58.5 ✅
Hint: Difference ÷ count = change in average.
Common Mistakes: Using wrong divisor or rounding too early.

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