Edge configuration in Selenium Python - Framework Patterns

Framework Mode - Edge configuration

Folder Structure

selenium-python-project/
├── tests/
│   ├── test_login.py
│   └── test_checkout.py
├── pages/
│   ├── base_page.py
│   └── login_page.py
├── drivers/
│   └── msedgedriver.exe  
├── utils/
│   ├── config.py
│   └── edge_driver_factory.py
├── conftest.py
└── requirements.txt
    

Test Framework Layers

• Driver Layer: Manages Edge WebDriver setup and teardown (e.g., edge_driver_factory.py).
• Page Objects: Encapsulate page elements and actions (e.g., login_page.py).
• Tests: Test cases using pytest in tests/ folder.
• Utilities: Configuration management and helper functions (config.py).
• Fixtures: Pytest fixtures in conftest.py to initialize Edge driver.

Configuration Patterns

Use a config.py file to manage environment variables like URLs and credentials.

Use edge_driver_factory.py to configure Edge options such as headless mode, window size, and driver path.

Example snippet from edge_driver_factory.py:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.edge.service import Service
from selenium.webdriver.edge.options import Options

class EdgeDriverFactory:
    @staticmethod
    def create_driver(headless: bool = False):
        options = Options()
        if headless:
            options.add_argument('--headless=new')
        options.add_argument('--window-size=1920,1080')
        service = Service(executable_path='./drivers/msedgedriver.exe')
        driver = webdriver.Edge(service=service, options=options)
        return driver

Test Reporting and CI/CD Integration

• Use pytest with plugins like pytest-html to generate readable HTML reports.
• Integrate tests in CI/CD pipelines (GitHub Actions, Jenkins) to run Edge tests on Windows runners.
• Store test reports as artifacts for review after each run.
• Use environment variables in CI to configure Edge driver path and headless mode.

Best Practices for Edge Configuration Framework

1. Use Page Object Model: Keep UI locators and actions separate from tests.
2. Centralize Driver Setup: Use a factory class to create Edge drivers with consistent options.
3. Support Headless Mode: Allow tests to run without UI for faster CI runs.
4. Manage Driver Executable: Keep Edge driver binary in a dedicated folder and update as needed.
5. Use Pytest Fixtures: Initialize and quit Edge driver cleanly for each test.

Self Check

Where would you add a new page object for the "Checkout" page in this framework structure?

Key Result

Use a dedicated driver factory and configuration files to manage Microsoft Edge WebDriver setup and options in a clean, maintainable Selenium Python framework.

Practice

1. What is the main purpose of using Options() in Edge configuration with Selenium?

easy

A. To specify the location of the Edge driver executable

B. To set browser settings like headless mode or window size

C. To write test assertions for Edge browser

D. To locate web elements on the page

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand the role of Options()

   Options() is used to configure browser settings such as running in headless mode or setting window size.

2. Step 2: Differentiate from Service()

   Service() is used to specify the driver location, not browser settings.

3. Final Answer:

   To set browser settings like headless mode or window size -> Option B

4. Quick Check:

   Options() sets browser settings = A [OK]

Hint: Options() controls browser settings like headless mode [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Confusing Options() with Service()
• Thinking Options() locates elements
• Assuming Options() writes test assertions

2. Which of the following is the correct way to create an Edge driver with headless mode enabled in Python Selenium?

easy

A. options = Options()
options.add_argument('--headless')
driver = webdriver.Edge(options=options)

B. service = Service()
service.add_argument('--headless')
driver = webdriver.Edge(service=service)

C. driver = webdriver.Edge('--headless')

D. driver = webdriver.Edge(options='--headless')

Solution

1. Step 1: Use Options() to add headless argument

   Create an Options object and add the '--headless' argument using add_argument().

2. Step 2: Pass options to Edge driver constructor

   Pass the options object to webdriver.Edge() using the options parameter.

3. Final Answer:

   options = Options() options.add_argument('--headless') driver = webdriver.Edge(options=options) -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Options() + add_argument('--headless') + driver = Edge(options=options) = A [OK]

Hint: Use Options() and add_argument('--headless') for headless mode [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Trying to add arguments to Service()
• Passing string directly to webdriver.Edge()
• Using wrong parameter names

3. What will be the output of the following code snippet?

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.edge.service import Service
from selenium.webdriver.edge.options import Options

options = Options()
options.add_argument('--window-size=800,600')
service = Service('path/to/msedgedriver')
driver = webdriver.Edge(service=service, options=options)
print(driver.execute_script('return window.innerWidth + "," + window.innerHeight'))
driver.quit()

medium

A. "800,600"

B. "1024,768"

C. SyntaxError

D. RuntimeError

Solution

1. Step 1: Analyze the options argument

   The code sets the window size to 800x600 using --window-size=800,600.

2. Step 2: Understand the JavaScript execution

   The script returns the current window inner width and height as a string separated by a comma.

3. Final Answer:

   "800,600" -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Window size set to 800x600, script returns "800,600" = C [OK]

Hint: Window size argument sets innerWidth and innerHeight [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Assuming default window size is returned
• Confusing Service() with Options()
• Expecting syntax or runtime errors

4. Identify the error in the following Edge driver setup code:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.edge.options import Options

options = Options()
options.add_argument('--headless')
driver = webdriver.Edge(options=options, executable_path='msedgedriver.exe')

medium

A. Missing import for Service class

B. Options() cannot be used with headless argument

C. Using 'executable_path' parameter is deprecated; should use Service()

D. Driver initialization syntax is correct

Solution

1. Step 1: Check driver initialization parameters

   The executable_path parameter is deprecated in recent Selenium versions for Edge.

2. Step 2: Use Service() to specify driver location

   The correct way is to create a Service object with the driver path and pass it via the service parameter.

3. Final Answer:

   Using 'executable_path' parameter is deprecated; should use Service() -> Option C

4. Quick Check:

   Use Service() for driver path, not executable_path [OK]

Hint: Use Service() for driver path, not executable_path [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using deprecated executable_path parameter
• Not importing Service class
• Thinking Options() disallows headless

5. You want to run Edge browser tests in headless mode with a custom user agent and a specific driver path. Which code snippet correctly configures this setup?

hard

A. from selenium import webdriver
options = Options()
options.add_argument('--headless')
options.add_argument('--user-agent=MyCustomAgent')
driver = webdriver.Edge(options=options)

B. from selenium import webdriver
options = Options()
options.headless = True
options.user_agent = 'MyCustomAgent'
driver = webdriver.Edge(executable_path='C:/drivers/msedgedriver.exe', options=options)

C. from selenium import webdriver
service = Service('C:/drivers/msedgedriver.exe')
driver = webdriver.Edge(service=service)
driver.add_argument('--headless')
driver.add_argument('user-agent=MyCustomAgent')

D. from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.edge.service import Service
from selenium.webdriver.edge.options import Options

options = Options()
options.add_argument('--headless')
options.add_argument('--user-agent=MyCustomAgent')
service = Service('C:/drivers/msedgedriver.exe')
driver = webdriver.Edge(service=service, options=options)

Solution

1. Step 1: Add headless and user-agent arguments to Options()

   Use add_argument() to add both '--headless' and '--user-agent=MyCustomAgent' correctly.

2. Step 2: Specify driver path using Service()

   Create a Service object with the driver path and pass it to webdriver.Edge() via the service parameter.

3. Step 3: Verify correct usage of parameters

   from selenium import webdriver options = Options() options.headless = True options.user_agent = 'MyCustomAgent' driver = webdriver.Edge(executable_path='C:/drivers/msedgedriver.exe', options=options) incorrectly uses deprecated executable_path and wrong attribute names. from selenium import webdriver service = Service('C:/drivers/msedgedriver.exe') driver = webdriver.Edge(service=service) driver.add_argument('--headless') driver.add_argument('user-agent=MyCustomAgent') tries to add arguments to driver object which is invalid. from selenium import webdriver options = Options() options.add_argument('--headless') options.add_argument('--user-agent=MyCustomAgent') driver = webdriver.Edge(options=options) misses driver path specification.

4. Final Answer:

   from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.edge.service import Service from selenium.webdriver.edge.options import Options options = Options() options.add_argument('--headless') options.add_argument('--user-agent=MyCustomAgent') service = Service('C:/drivers/msedgedriver.exe') driver = webdriver.Edge(service=service, options=options) -> Option D

5. Quick Check:

   Options add_argument + Service for driver path = D [OK]

Hint: Use Options add_argument and Service for driver path [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using deprecated executable_path instead of Service
• Adding arguments to driver instead of Options
• Missing driver path in configuration