Cloud testing platforms (BrowserStack, Sauce Labs) in Selenium Python - Interactive Code Practice

Practice - 5 Tasks

1fill in blank

easy

Complete the code to set the BrowserStack username in the capabilities dictionary.

Selenium Python

capabilities = {
    'browserstack.user': [1]
}

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

Aos_version

B"your_username"

Cbrowser_version

Dyour_password

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using password instead of username

Leaving the value without quotes

The key 'browserstack.user' requires your BrowserStack username as a string value.

2fill in blank

medium

Complete the code to create a remote WebDriver session with Sauce Labs URL.

Selenium Python

driver = webdriver.Remote(
    command_executor=[1],
    desired_capabilities=capabilities
)

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

A"http://localhost:4444/wd/hub"

B"http://127.0.0.1:5555/wd/hub"

C"https://browserstack.com/wd/hub"

D"https://ondemand.saucelabs.com/wd/hub"

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using localhost URL instead of Sauce Labs URL

Using BrowserStack URL for Sauce Labs

The Sauce Labs remote WebDriver URL is 'https://ondemand.saucelabs.com/wd/hub'.

3fill in blank

hard

Fix the error in the code to correctly set the BrowserStack access key in capabilities.

Selenium Python

capabilities = {
    'browserstack.key': [1]
}

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

A"your_access_key"

Byour_access_key

Caccess_key

D'your_access_key'

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Not using quotes around the access key

Using variable name instead of string

The access key must be a string, so it needs to be inside quotes.

4fill in blank

hard

Fill both blanks to create a capabilities dictionary for running tests on Windows 11 with Chrome browser on BrowserStack.

Selenium Python

capabilities = {
    'os': '[1]',
    'browserName': '[2]'
}

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

AWindows

BLinux

CChrome

DFirefox

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using Linux instead of Windows

Using Firefox instead of Chrome

For Windows 11, 'os' should be 'Windows'. For Chrome browser, 'browserName' should be 'Chrome'.

5fill in blank

hard

Fill all three blanks to set up a Sauce Labs capabilities dictionary with platform name, browser name, and browser version.

Selenium Python

capabilities = {
    'platformName': '[1]',
    'browserName': '[2]',
    'browserVersion': '[3]'
}

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

AWindows 10

BChrome

Clatest

DmacOS

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using 'macOS' for platform when Windows 10 is needed

Using lowercase 'chrome' for browser name

Platform is 'Windows 10', browser is 'Chrome', and version is 'latest' for Sauce Labs.

Practice

1. What is the main advantage of using cloud testing platforms like BrowserStack or Sauce Labs for Selenium tests?

easy

A. You do not need to write any Selenium code

B. They automatically fix bugs in your code

C. Tests run only on your local machine

D. You can test on many browsers and devices without owning them

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand cloud testing platform purpose

   Cloud platforms provide access to many browsers and devices remotely.

2. Step 2: Compare options

   Only the option stating 'You can test on many browsers and devices without owning them' correctly states the main advantage; others are incorrect or unrelated.

3. Final Answer:

   You can test on many browsers and devices without owning them -> Option D

4. Quick Check:

   Cloud testing = remote multi-browser/device access [OK]

Hint: Cloud platforms = test many devices remotely [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Thinking tests run locally only
• Believing cloud platforms fix code bugs
• Assuming no Selenium code is needed

2. Which of the following is the correct way to specify the remote WebDriver URL for BrowserStack in Python Selenium?

easy

A. driver = webdriver.Remote(command_executor='https://hub-cloud.browserstack.com/wd/hub', desired_capabilities=capabilities)

B. driver = webdriver.Chrome('https://hub-cloud.browserstack.com/wd/hub')

C. driver = webdriver.Firefox('browserstack.com')

D. driver = webdriver.Remote('http://localhost:4444/wd/hub')

Solution

1. Step 1: Identify correct Remote WebDriver syntax

   Using webdriver.Remote with command_executor URL and capabilities is correct for BrowserStack.

2. Step 2: Check other options

   Options using Firefox or Chrome constructors with URLs are incorrect; the option with localhost URL is also wrong.

3. Final Answer:

   driver = webdriver.Remote(command_executor='https://hub-cloud.browserstack.com/wd/hub', desired_capabilities=capabilities) -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Remote WebDriver + BrowserStack URL = driver = webdriver.Remote(command_executor='https://hub-cloud.browserstack.com/wd/hub', desired_capabilities=capabilities) [OK]

Hint: Use webdriver.Remote with BrowserStack URL [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using local URLs instead of BrowserStack URL
• Calling Chrome or Firefox constructors with URLs
• Omitting desired capabilities

3. Given this Python Selenium code snippet for Sauce Labs, what will be printed if the test runs successfully?

from selenium import webdriver
caps = {
  'browserName': 'chrome',
  'platformName': 'Windows 10',
  'browserVersion': 'latest'
}
driver = webdriver.Remote(
  command_executor='https://username:[e-mail]:443/wd/hub',
  desired_capabilities=caps
)
driver.get('https://example.com')
print(driver.title)
driver.quit()

medium

A. An error about missing local Chrome driver

B. The title of https://example.com page

C. Empty string

D. Sauce Labs login page title

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand remote driver usage

   The code uses Sauce Labs remote URL with correct capabilities, so it runs on Sauce Labs cloud.

2. Step 2: Analyze driver.get and print

   driver.get loads example.com, and driver.title prints its page title.

3. Final Answer:

   The title of https://example.com page -> Option B

4. Quick Check:

   Remote driver loads page title = The title of https://example.com page [OK]

Hint: Remote driver prints page title, not errors [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Expecting local driver errors
• Thinking remote driver prints login page
• Assuming empty title without loading

4. You wrote this code to run tests on BrowserStack but get a connection error:

driver = webdriver.Remote(
  command_executor='https://hub-cloud.browserstack.com/wd/hub',
  desired_capabilities=capabilities
)

What is the most likely cause and fix?

medium

A. Missing username and access key in URL; add them as https://username:[e-mail]/wd/hub

B. Wrong browser name in capabilities; change to 'firefox'

C. Local WebDriver server not running; start Selenium server locally

D. Use HTTP instead of HTTPS in URL

Solution

1. Step 1: Identify connection error cause

   BrowserStack requires authentication via username and access key in the URL.

2. Step 2: Fix URL with credentials

   Add username and access key before the host in the URL to authenticate properly.

3. Final Answer:

   Missing username and access key in URL; add them as https://username:[e-mail]/wd/hub -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Authentication URL format fixes connection [OK]

Hint: Add username:accesskey@ in URL for BrowserStack [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Ignoring authentication in remote URL
• Changing browser name without cause
• Assuming local server needed for cloud

5. You want to run a Selenium test on BrowserStack for a mobile device with these requirements: Android 13, Chrome browser, and device name 'Samsung Galaxy S22'. Which desired capabilities dictionary is correct?

hard

A. {
'platformName': 'Android',
'platformVersion': '12',
'browserName': 'Chrome',
'deviceName': 'Samsung Galaxy S22'
}

B. {
'platformName': 'Windows',
'platformVersion': '13',
'browserName': 'Chrome',
'deviceName': 'Samsung Galaxy S22'
}

C. {
'platformName': 'Android',
'platformVersion': '13',
'browserName': 'Chrome',
'deviceName': 'Samsung Galaxy S22'
}

D. {
'platformName': 'Android',
'browserName': 'Firefox',
'deviceName': 'Samsung Galaxy S22'
}

Solution

1. Step 1: Match platform and version

   Android 13 is required, so platformName must be 'Android' and platformVersion '13'.

2. Step 2: Check browser and device name

   Browser must be 'Chrome' and deviceName 'Samsung Galaxy S22' exactly.

3. Step 3: Eliminate incorrect options

   The option with platformVersion '12' has wrong version; the one with 'Windows' has wrong platform; the one with 'Firefox' and no version has wrong browser and missing version.

4. Final Answer:

   { 'platformName': 'Android', 'platformVersion': '13', 'browserName': 'Chrome', 'deviceName': 'Samsung Galaxy S22' } -> Option C

5. Quick Check:

   Correct platform, version, browser, device = { 'platformName': 'Android', 'platformVersion': '13', 'browserName': 'Chrome', 'deviceName': 'Samsung Galaxy S22' } [OK]

Hint: Match all capability keys exactly for device testing [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using wrong platform or version
• Choosing wrong browser name
• Missing platformVersion key