Window handles (getWindowHandles) in Selenium Java - Cheat Sheet & Quick Revision

Recall & Review

beginner

What is a window handle in Selenium WebDriver?

A window handle is a unique identifier that Selenium uses to keep track of different browser windows or tabs opened during a test session.

beginner

What does the method getWindowHandles() return in Selenium?

The getWindowHandles() method returns a Set of strings, each representing the unique window handle of every open browser window or tab.

intermediate

How do you switch control to a new browser window using window handles?

You get all window handles using getWindowHandles(), then iterate through them and switch to the desired window using driver.switchTo().window(handle).

intermediate

Why is it important to store the original window handle before opening a new window?

Storing the original window handle lets you switch back to the main window after interacting with new windows or tabs, ensuring your test continues correctly.

beginner

What data structure does getWindowHandles() return and why is it useful?

It returns a Set<String> which ensures all window handles are unique and allows easy iteration to find and switch between windows.

What does getWindowHandles() return in Selenium WebDriver?

A A Set of all open window handles

B The handle of the current window only

C A list of all browser tabs titles

D The URL of the current window

getWindowHandles() returns a Set containing the unique handles of all open browser windows or tabs.

How do you switch to a new window after opening it?

A driver.getWindowHandle(newWindowHandle)

B driver.switchTo().window(newWindowHandle)

C driver.openWindow(newWindowHandle)

D driver.switchTo().frame(newWindowHandle)

You use driver.switchTo().window(handle) to switch control to the window identified by the handle.

Why should you save the original window handle before opening a new window?

A To switch back to it after working with new windows

B To close the original window later

C To refresh the original window

D To maximize the original window

Saving the original handle allows you to return to the main window after interacting with other windows.

Which data structure does getWindowHandles() return?

A Array<String>

B List<String>

C Map<String, String>

D Set<String>

getWindowHandles() returns a Set to ensure uniqueness of window handles.

If you want to close a popup window and return to the main window, what is the correct sequence?

A Switch to popup, close main window

B Switch to main window, close popup

C Close popup, switch to main window handle

D Close main window, switch to popup

You first close the popup window, then switch back to the main window using its saved handle.

Explain how to handle multiple browser windows in Selenium using getWindowHandles().

Think about how Selenium identifies and switches between tabs or windows.

Describe a scenario where you would need to use getWindowHandles() and how you would implement it in a test.

Consider testing a link that opens a popup or new tab.