Special operators (%in%, %*%) in R Programming - Mini Project: Build & Apply

Using Special Operators %in% and %*% in R

📖 Scenario: You are working with a small store's inventory and sales data. You want to check which products sold are in the inventory and calculate total sales using matrix multiplication.

🎯 Goal: Build a simple R script that uses the %in% operator to check product membership and the %*% operator to multiply sales quantities by prices.

📋 What You'll Learn

Create a character vector called inventory with product names: "apple", "banana", "orange"

Create a character vector called sold with product names: "banana", "kiwi"

Create a numeric matrix called sales_qty with values c(10, 5) as a 1-row matrix

Create a numeric matrix called prices with values c(2, 3) as a 2-row, 1-column matrix

Use %in% to check which sold products are in inventory

Use %*% to multiply sales_qty by prices to get total sales

Print the logical vector result of membership check

Print the total sales value

💡 Why This Matters

🌍 Real World

Checking product availability and calculating sales totals are common tasks in retail and inventory management.

💼 Career

Understanding these operators helps in data analysis roles, especially when working with product data and sales reports.

1

Create product vectors

Create a character vector called inventory with these exact products: "apple", "banana", "orange". Also create a character vector called sold with these exact products: "banana", "kiwi".

R Programming

# Create the inventory vector with 'apple', 'banana', 'orange'
# Create the sold vector with 'banana', 'kiwi'
# Your code here

Need a hint?

Use the c() function to create vectors with exact product names.

2

Create sales quantity and price matrices

Create a numeric matrix called sales_qty with values c(10, 5) arranged as 1 row and 2 columns. Create a numeric matrix called prices with values c(2, 3) arranged as 2 rows and 1 column.

R Programming

inventory <- c("apple", "banana", "orange")
sold <- c("banana", "kiwi")
# Create sales_qty as 1x2 matrix with values 10 and 5
# Create prices as 2x1 matrix with values 2 and 3
# Your code here

Need a hint?

Use the matrix() function with nrow and ncol to create matrices.

3

Check sold products in inventory and calculate total sales

Use the %in% operator to create a logical vector called in_inventory that checks which products in sold are also in inventory. Use the %*% operator to multiply sales_qty by prices and store the result in total_sales.

R Programming

inventory <- c("apple", "banana", "orange")
sold <- c("banana", "kiwi")
sales_qty <- matrix(c(10, 5), nrow = 1, ncol = 2)
prices <- matrix(c(2, 3), nrow = 2, ncol = 1)
# Use %in% to check which sold products are in inventory and save to in_inventory
# Use %*% to multiply sales_qty by prices and save to total_sales
# Your code here

Need a hint?

Use %in% between sold and inventory. Use %*% between sales_qty and prices.

4

Print the results

Print the logical vector in_inventory to show which sold products are in inventory. Then print the numeric value total_sales to show total sales amount.

R Programming

inventory <- c("apple", "banana", "orange")
sold <- c("banana", "kiwi")
sales_qty <- matrix(c(10, 5), nrow = 1, ncol = 2)
prices <- matrix(c(2, 3), nrow = 2, ncol = 1)
in_inventory <- sold %in% inventory
total_sales <- sales_qty %*% prices
# Print in_inventory
# Print total_sales
# Your code here

Need a hint?

Use print() to show the values of in_inventory and total_sales.