Arithmetic operators in R Programming

Introduction

Arithmetic operators help you do math with numbers in your programs. They let you add, subtract, multiply, and divide easily.

Calculating the total price of items in a shopping cart.

Finding the difference between two dates or times.

Doubling or halving a recipe's ingredient amounts.

Splitting a bill evenly among friends.

Converting units, like inches to centimeters.

Syntax

R Programming

result <- value1 operator value2

# Operators:
# +  addition
# -  subtraction
# *  multiplication
# /  division
# ^  exponentiation (power)
# %% modulus (remainder)
# %/% integer division

Use <- to store the result of the calculation in a variable.

Operators work between two numbers or variables holding numbers.

Examples

Adds 5 and 3, multiplies 4 by 2.

R Programming

sum <- 5 + 3
product <- 4 * 2

Subtracts 7 from 10, divides 20 by 4.

R Programming

difference <- 10 - 7
division <- 20 / 4

Raises 2 to the power 3, finds remainder of 10 divided by 3.

R Programming

power <- 2 ^ 3
remainder <- 10 %% 3

Integer division: divides 17 by 5 and keeps only the whole number part.

R Programming

int_div <- 17 %/% 5

Sample Program

This program shows how to use all main arithmetic operators with two numbers, 8 and 3. It prints each result clearly.

R Programming

a <- 8
b <- 3

sum <- a + b
difference <- a - b
product <- a * b
division <- a / b
power <- a ^ b
remainder <- a %% b
int_div <- a %/% b

print(paste("Sum:", sum))
print(paste("Difference:", difference))
print(paste("Product:", product))
print(paste("Division:", division))
print(paste("Power:", power))
print(paste("Remainder:", remainder))
print(paste("Integer Division:", int_div))

Important Notes

Division (/) always gives a decimal number in R, even if the result is whole.

Use integer division (%/%) when you want only the whole number part of division.

Modulus (%%) gives the leftover part after division, useful for checking if a number divides evenly.

Summary

Arithmetic operators let you do basic math in R.

Use +, -, *, / for addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

Use ^ for powers, %% for remainder, and %/% for integer division.