Import statement behavior in Python - Mini Project: Build & Apply

Import Statement Behavior

📖 Scenario: You are organizing a small Python project with two files. One file contains a function, and the other file will use that function by importing it.

🎯 Goal: Learn how to use the import statement to access functions from another file.

📋 What You'll Learn

Create a Python file named helper.py with a function called greet that returns the string 'Hello from helper!'.

Create a Python file named main.py that imports the greet function from helper.py.

Call the greet function inside main.py and store the result in a variable called message.

Print the message variable in main.py.

💡 Why This Matters

🌍 Real World

In real projects, code is often split into multiple files to keep things organized. Importing lets you use code from other files easily.

💼 Career

Understanding imports is essential for working on larger Python projects and collaborating with others.

1

Create the helper function

Create a file named helper.py and write a function called greet that returns the string 'Hello from helper!'. Write exactly this function definition:

Python

# Define the greet function in helper.py
# Your code here

Hint

Remember to use def to define a function and return to send back the string.

2

Import the greet function

In a new file named main.py, write an import statement to import the greet function from the helper module.

Python

# Import greet from helper.py
# Your code here

Hint

Use the syntax from module_name import function_name.

3

Call the greet function

In main.py, call the greet function and store its return value in a variable called message.

Python

from helper import greet

# Call greet and save the result in message
# Your code here

Hint

Call the function by writing greet() and assign it to message.

4

Print the message

In main.py, print the variable message to display the greeting.

Python

from helper import greet

message = greet()

# Print the message
# Your code here

Hint

Use print(message) to show the greeting on the screen.

Practice

1. What happens when you use import module_name in Python?

easy

A. The module is copied into your current file.

B. Only the functions you call from the module are loaded.

C. The module code runs every time you call a function from it.

D. The entire module is loaded and its code runs once.

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand import behavior

   When you import a module, Python loads the whole module and runs its code once.

2. Step 2: Recognize module reuse

   After the first import, Python reuses the loaded module without running its code again.

3. Final Answer:

   The entire module is loaded and its code runs once. -> Option D

4. Quick Check:

   Import runs module once = A [OK]

Hint: Import runs module code once, then reuses it [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Thinking module code runs every time a function is called
• Believing only used functions are loaded
• Assuming module code is copied into current file

2. Which of the following is the correct syntax to import only the sqrt function from the math module?

easy

A. from math import sqrt

B. import math.sqrt

C. import sqrt from math

D. from sqrt import math

Solution

1. Step 1: Recall import syntax for specific functions

   To import a specific function, use from module import function.

2. Step 2: Match syntax to options

   from math import sqrt matches this syntax: from math import sqrt.

3. Final Answer:

   from math import sqrt -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Specific import uses 'from module import item' = A [OK]

Hint: Use 'from module import name' to import parts [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using dot notation in import statement incorrectly
• Swapping module and function names
• Using 'import' with 'from' in wrong order

3. Consider two files:

# file1.py print('Loading file1') value = 10
# file2.py import file1 import file1 print(file1.value)

What is the output when running file2.py?

medium

A. Loading file1
Loading file1
10

B. Loading file1
10

C. 10
10

D. Error: module imported twice

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand module import behavior

   Python runs the module code only once, even if imported multiple times.

2. Step 2: Trace the output

   On first import, 'Loading file1' prints. Second import does nothing. Then prints value 10.

3. Final Answer:

   Loading file1 10 -> Option B

4. Quick Check:

   Module code runs once, reused later = B [OK]

Hint: Module code runs once, even if imported multiple times [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Expecting module code to run twice
• Thinking repeated imports cause errors
• Confusing print output order

4. What is wrong with this code?

import math from math import sqrt print(math.sqrt(16))

medium

A. You cannot import the same module twice.

B. The code will cause a NameError.

C. There is no error; the code runs and prints 4.0.

D. You must use only one import style per module.

Solution

1. Step 1: Check import statements

   Importing the same module twice with different styles is allowed and does not cause error.

2. Step 2: Verify function call

   Calling math.sqrt(16) works and returns 4.0.

3. Final Answer:

   There is no error; the code runs and prints 4.0. -> Option C

4. Quick Check:

   Multiple imports allowed; function call works = D [OK]

Hint: Multiple imports of same module are allowed [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Thinking multiple imports cause errors
• Confusing import styles must be exclusive
• Expecting NameError from this code

5. You have a module config.py with a variable setting = 5. In your main program, you do:

import config config.setting = 10 import config print(config.setting)

What will be printed and why?

hard

A. 10, because the module is loaded once and changes persist.

B. Error, because you cannot assign to module variables.

C. 5, because the second import reloads the module resetting variables.

D. None, because the variable is not accessible after import.

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand module import caching

   Python loads a module once and caches it; subsequent imports reuse the same module object.

2. Step 2: Analyze variable assignment and import

   Changing config.setting to 10 modifies the cached module. The second import does not reload, so the change remains.

3. Final Answer:

   10, because the module is loaded once and changes persist. -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Module cached; changes persist = C [OK]

Hint: Module imports cache; variable changes stay across imports [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Assuming second import reloads module
• Thinking module variables are immutable
• Believing variable becomes inaccessible