EXTRACT and YEAR/MONTH/DAY in MySQL - Step-by-Step Execution

Concept Flow - EXTRACT and YEAR/MONTH/DAY

Start with a date/time value

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Choose part to extract: YEAR, MONTH, or DAY

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Use EXTRACT function

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Return the chosen part as a number

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Use result in query or display

The EXTRACT function takes a date/time and returns the year, month, or day part as a number.

Execution Sample

MySQL

SELECT EXTRACT(YEAR FROM '2024-06-15') AS year_part,
       EXTRACT(MONTH FROM '2024-06-15') AS month_part,
       EXTRACT(DAY FROM '2024-06-15') AS day_part;

This query extracts the year, month, and day parts from the date '2024-06-15'.

Execution Table

Step	Function Call	Input Date	Extracted Part	Result
1	EXTRACT(YEAR FROM '2024-06-15')	2024-06-15	YEAR	2024
2	EXTRACT(MONTH FROM '2024-06-15')	2024-06-15	MONTH	6
3	EXTRACT(DAY FROM '2024-06-15')	2024-06-15	DAY	15
4	Query completes	-	-	Returns one row with year=2024, month=6, day=15

💡 All parts extracted successfully; query returns one row with three columns.

Variable Tracker

Variable	Start	After Step 1	After Step 2	After Step 3	Final
year_part	NULL	2024	2024	2024	2024
month_part	NULL	NULL	6	6	6
day_part	NULL	NULL	NULL	15	15

Key Moments - 2 Insights

Why does EXTRACT return a number and not a date?

EXTRACT returns only the specified part (year, month, or day) as a number, not the full date. See execution_table rows 1-3 where each call returns a number.

Can EXTRACT be used on date strings directly?

Yes, as long as the string is in a valid date format like 'YYYY-MM-DD'. The example uses '2024-06-15' directly (execution_table input).

Visual Quiz - 3 Questions

Look at the execution_table, what is the result of EXTRACT(MONTH FROM '2024-06-15')?

A 15

B 2024

C 6

D NULL

💡 Hint

Check execution_table row 2 under Result column.

At which step does the day part get extracted?

A Step 3

B Step 2

C Step 1

D Step 4

💡 Hint

Look at execution_table rows and see which step extracts DAY.

If the input date was '2023-12-01', what would EXTRACT(YEAR FROM date) return?

A 1

B 2023

C 12

D NULL

💡 Hint

EXTRACT(YEAR FROM ...) returns the year part as shown in variable_tracker and execution_table.

Concept Snapshot

EXTRACT(part FROM date) extracts a part of a date.
Common parts: YEAR, MONTH, DAY.
Returns a number representing that part.
Input date must be valid format.
Useful to get date components for filtering or display.

Full Transcript

This lesson shows how to use the EXTRACT function in MySQL to get the year, month, or day from a date. The function takes two inputs: the part you want (YEAR, MONTH, or DAY) and the date value. It returns the number for that part. For example, EXTRACT(YEAR FROM '2024-06-15') returns 2024. We traced each step where the year, month, and day are extracted separately. The variables year_part, month_part, and day_part hold these values after each step. This helps when you want to filter or display parts of dates in your database queries.