Query scopes in Laravel - Interactive Code Practice

Practice - 5 Tasks

1fill in blank

easy

Complete the code to define a local query scope named active in a Laravel model.

Laravel

public function scopeActive($query) {
    return $query->where('[1]', 1);
}

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

Aactive

Bstatus

Cenabled

Dis_active

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using the scope name 'active' as the column name instead of the actual column.

Using a column name that does not exist in the database.

The local scope active filters records where the status column equals 1, indicating active items.

2fill in blank

medium

Complete the code to apply the active scope to a query in a Laravel controller.

Laravel

$users = User::[1]()->get();

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

Aactive

BwhereActive

CscopeActive

DfilterActive

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Calling the scope method with the 'scope' prefix like scopeActive().

Using a non-existent method like whereActive().

To use a local query scope, call the scope name as a method on the model query builder, here active().

3fill in blank

hard

Fix the error in the scope definition by completing the missing part to allow chaining.

Laravel

public function scopePopular($query) {
    return $query->[1]('votes', '>', 100);
}

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

Aselect

Bfilter

Cwhere

DorderBy

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using filter which is not a query builder method.

Using select which changes selected columns instead of filtering.

The where method filters records where the votes column is greater than 100, enabling chaining.

4fill in blank

hard

Fill both blanks to create a global scope class that orders users by creation date descending.

Laravel

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Scope;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class OrderByCreatedAtScope implements Scope {
    public function apply(Builder $builder, Model $model) {
        $builder->[1]('[2]', 'desc');
    }
}

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

AorderBy

Bwhere

Ccreated_at

Dupdated_at

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using where instead of orderBy for sorting.

Using updated_at instead of created_at.

The global scope applies an orderBy on the created_at column descending to sort results by newest first.

5fill in blank

hard

Fill all three blanks to define and use a local scope recent that filters users created within the last 7 days.

Laravel

public function scopeRecent($query) {
    return $query->where('[1]', '>=', now()->[2]([3]));
}

// Usage:
$recentUsers = User::recent()->get();

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

Acreated_at

BsubDays

C7

Dupdated_at

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using updated_at instead of created_at.

Using addDays instead of subDays.

Passing a string '7' instead of a number 7.

The scope filters users where created_at is within the last 7 days using now()->subDays(7).

Practice

1. What is the main purpose of using query scopes in a Laravel model?

easy

A. To create database migrations

B. To define database table relationships

C. To handle user authentication

D. To reuse common query filters easily across different queries

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand query scopes role

   Query scopes allow you to write common query parts once and reuse them easily.

2. Step 2: Compare with other options

   Defining relationships, migrations, or authentication are unrelated to query scopes.

3. Final Answer:

   To reuse common query filters easily across different queries -> Option D

4. Quick Check:

   Query scopes = reusable query filters [OK]

Hint: Query scopes = reusable query parts in models [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Confusing scopes with relationships
• Thinking scopes create migrations
• Mixing scopes with authentication logic

2. Which of the following is the correct way to define a query scope named active in a Laravel model?

easy

A. public function scopeActive($query) { return $query->where('status', 'active'); }

B. public function scopeActive() { return $this->where('status', 'active'); }

C. public function scope_active($query) { return $query->where('status', 'active'); }

D. public function active() { return $this->where('status', 'active'); }

Solution

1. Step 1: Recall scope method naming

   Query scopes must be prefixed with 'scope' and accept $query as first parameter.

2. Step 2: Check method signature and body

   public function scopeActive($query) { return $query->where('status', 'active'); } correctly uses 'scopeActive($query)' and returns $query with condition.

3. Final Answer:

   public function scopeActive($query) { return $query->where('status', 'active'); } -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Scope method = scope + $query param [OK]

Hint: Scope methods start with 'scope' and take $query param [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Omitting $query parameter
• Using underscore in method name
• Not prefixing method with 'scope'

3. Given this scope in a Laravel model:

public function scopePopular($query) {
    return $query->where('votes', '>', 100);
}

What will User::popular()->get() return?

medium

A. All users regardless of votes

B. All users with votes less than or equal to 100

C. All users with votes greater than 100

D. Syntax error because scope is missing

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand the scope condition

   The scope filters users where 'votes' is greater than 100.

2. Step 2: Analyze the query call

   Calling User::popular()->get() applies the scope and returns matching users.

3. Final Answer:

   All users with votes greater than 100 -> Option C

4. Quick Check:

   Scope filters votes > 100 = users returned [OK]

Hint: Scope filters queries; check condition carefully [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Confusing greater than with less than
• Assuming scope returns all records
• Thinking scope causes syntax error

4. Identify the error in this scope definition:

public function scopeRecent() {
    return $this->orderBy('created_at', 'desc');
}

medium

A. Missing $query parameter in the scope method

B. Incorrect method name, should not start with 'scope'

C. Using orderBy inside scope is not allowed

D. Missing return type declaration

Solution

1. Step 1: Check scope method signature

   Scope methods must accept $query as the first parameter to modify the query.

2. Step 2: Identify missing parameter

   The method lacks the $query parameter, so it cannot modify the query builder.

3. Final Answer:

   Missing $query parameter in the scope method -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Scope method needs $query param [OK]

Hint: Scope methods always need $query parameter [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Forgetting $query parameter
• Thinking orderBy is disallowed in scopes
• Confusing method naming rules

5. You want to create a reusable scope activeAndRecent that returns users who are active and created within the last 30 days. Which of the following scope definitions is correct?

hard

A. public function scopeActiveAndRecent($query) {
return $query->where('status', 'active')
->orWhere('created_at', '>=', now()->subDays(30));
}

B. public function scopeActiveAndRecent($query) {
return $query->where('status', 'active')
->where('created_at', '>=', now()->subDays(30));
}

C. public function scopeActiveAndRecent() {
return $this->where('status', 'active')
->where('created_at', '>=', now()->subDays(30));
}

D. public function activeAndRecent($query) {
return $query->where('status', 'active')
->where('created_at', '>=', now()->subDays(30));
}

Solution

1. Step 1: Verify method signature and parameters

   The scope method must be named with 'scope' prefix and accept $query parameter.

2. Step 2: Check query conditions logic

   Use 'where' twice to combine conditions with AND logic for active status and recent date.

3. Step 3: Compare options

   public function scopeActiveAndRecent($query) { return $query->where('status', 'active') ->where('created_at', '>=', now()->subDays(30)); } correctly uses 'scopeActiveAndRecent($query)' and combines conditions with 'where'.

4. Final Answer:

   public function scopeActiveAndRecent($query) { return $query->where('status', 'active') ->where('created_at', '>=', now()->subDays(30)); } -> Option B

5. Quick Check:

   Scope with $query and AND conditions = public function scopeActiveAndRecent($query) { return $query->where('status', 'active') ->where('created_at', '>=', now()->subDays(30)); } [OK]

Hint: Use 'where' twice for AND, scope method needs $query [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using orWhere instead of where for AND logic
• Omitting $query parameter
• Not prefixing method with 'scope'