Nested if statements in Java - Practice Problems & Coding Challenges

Challenge - 5 Problems

❓ Predict Output

intermediate

Output of nested if with multiple conditions

What is the output of the following Java code?

Java

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int x = 10;
        int y = 20;
        if (x > 5) {
            if (y < 15) {
                System.out.println("A");
            } else {
                System.out.println("B");
            }
        } else {
            System.out.println("C");
        }
    }
}

A A

B No output

C C

D B

💡 Hint

Check the conditions inside each if block carefully.

The outer if checks if x > 5, which is true (10 > 5). Then the inner if checks if y < 15, which is false (20 < 15 is false). So it goes to the else block and prints "B".

❓ Predict Output

intermediate

Nested if with else-if ladder output

What will be printed when this Java code runs?

Java

public class Check {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int score = 75;
        if (score >= 90) {
            System.out.println("Excellent");
        } else {
            if (score >= 70) {
                System.out.println("Good");
            } else {
                System.out.println("Needs Improvement");
            }
        }
    }
}

A Excellent

B Good

C Needs Improvement

D No output

💡 Hint

Look at the score and compare with each condition.

Score is 75, which is not >= 90, so the first if fails. Then the nested if checks if score >= 70, which is true, so it prints "Good".

🔧 Debug

advanced

Identify the error in nested if syntax

What error will this Java code produce when compiled?

Java

public class ErrorTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a = 5;
        if (a > 0)
            if (a < 10)
                System.out.println("Inside");
            else
                System.out.println("Outside");
    }
}

A No error, prints "Inside"

B Runtime error

C No error, prints "Outside"

D Syntax error: else without if

💡 Hint

Check how else is matched with if in nested statements without braces.

The else is matched with the nearest if, but indentation is misleading. Without braces, the else pairs with the inner if. The code compiles but the indentation suggests a logic error. However, no syntax error occurs. But since the question asks for error, the correct answer is no error. To fix this, braces are needed. But since only one option can be correct, the best fit is no error and prints "Inside".

❓ Predict Output

advanced

Output of nested if with boolean flags

What is the output of this Java program?

Java

public class Flags {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        boolean isRaining = true;
        boolean haveUmbrella = false;
        if (isRaining) {
            if (haveUmbrella) {
                System.out.println("Go outside");
            } else {
                System.out.println("Stay inside");
            }
        } else {
            System.out.println("Enjoy the sun");
        }
    }
}

A Go outside

B Enjoy the sun

C Stay inside

D No output

💡 Hint

Check the values of both boolean variables and the nested conditions.

isRaining is true, so the outer if is true. Then haveUmbrella is false, so the inner else runs and prints "Stay inside".

❓ Predict Output

expert

Value of variable after nested if execution

What is the value of variable result after running this Java code?

Java

public class NestedIfTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int x = 8;
        int y = 12;
        String result = "";
        if (x > 5) {
            if (y > 10) {
                result = "A";
            } else if (y > 5) {
                result = "B";
            } else {
                result = "C";
            }
        } else {
            result = "D";
        }
        System.out.println(result);
    }
}

A A

B B

C D

D C

💡 Hint

Check each condition carefully and see which block runs.

x is 8, which is > 5, so outer if runs. y is 12, which is > 10, so first inner if runs and sets result to "A".