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Google Sheetsspreadsheet~10 mins

UPPER, LOWER, PROPER in Google Sheets - Cell-by-Cell Formula Trace

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LearnWhyDeepSheetTryChallengeScenarioRecallDash
Sample Data

This data shows text strings with mixed letter cases in column A.

CellValue
A1hello world
A2GoOgLe Sheets
A3john DOE
Formula Trace
=UPPER(A1)
Step 1: A1
Step 2: UPPER("hello world")
Cell Reference Map
hello world
↓
GoOgLe Sheets
↓
john DOE
The formula references cell A1 which contains 'hello world'.
Result
    A           B
1 hello world  HELLO WORLD
2 GoOgLe Sheets
3 john DOE
The formula in B1 shows 'HELLO WORLD', the uppercase version of A1.
Sheet Trace Quiz - 3 Questions
Test your understanding
What does the formula =LOWER(A2) return?
AGoOgLe Sheets
Bgoogle sheets
CGOOGLE SHEETS
DGoogle Sheets
Key Result
UPPER converts all letters to uppercase, LOWER to lowercase, PROPER capitalizes first letter of each word.