Nested conditional statements in Go - Practice Problems & Coding Challenges

Challenge - 5 Problems

❓ Predict Output

intermediate

Output of nested if-else with integers

What is the output of this Go program?

Go

package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
  x := 10
  if x > 5 {
    if x < 15 {
      fmt.Println("A")
    } else {
      fmt.Println("B")
    }
  } else {
    fmt.Println("C")
  }
}

A C

B B

C No output

D A

💡 Hint

Check the conditions step by step starting from the outer if.

The outer if checks if x > 5, which is true for x=10. Then the inner if checks if x < 15, also true, so it prints "A".

❓ Predict Output

intermediate

Nested if-else with strings

What will this Go program print?

Go

package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
  status := "active"
  if status == "active" {
    if len(status) >= 5 {
      fmt.Println("Long active")
    } else {
      fmt.Println("Active")
    }
  } else {
    fmt.Println("Inactive")
  }
}

A Inactive

B Active

C Long active

D No output

💡 Hint

Check the length of the string "active".

The status is "active" which matches the first if. The length of "active" is 6, which is greater than 5, so it prints "Long active".

❓ Predict Output

advanced

Nested if with multiple conditions

What is the output of this Go code?

Go

package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
  a, b := 3, 7
  if a < 5 {
    if b > 10 {
      fmt.Println("X")
    } else if b > 5 {
      fmt.Println("Y")
    } else {
      fmt.Println("Z")
    }
  } else {
    fmt.Println("W")
  }
}

A X

B Y

C Z

D W

💡 Hint

Check the values of a and b and follow the nested conditions carefully.

a is 3 which is less than 5, so the outer if is true. Then b is 7, which is not greater than 10 but greater than 5, so it prints "Y".

❓ Predict Output

advanced

Nested if with boolean variables

What will this Go program output?

Go

package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
  isRaining := false
  hasUmbrella := true
  if isRaining {
    if hasUmbrella {
      fmt.Println("Go outside")
    } else {
      fmt.Println("Stay inside")
    }
  } else {
    fmt.Println("Enjoy the sun")
  }
}

A Enjoy the sun

B Stay inside

C Go outside

D No output

💡 Hint

Check the value of isRaining first.

Since isRaining is false, the outer if is false, so the else branch runs and prints "Enjoy the sun".

❓ Predict Output

expert

Nested if with variable shadowing

What is the output of this Go program?

Go

package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
  x := 5
  if x > 0 {
    x := 10
    if x > 5 {
      fmt.Println(x)
    } else {
      fmt.Println(0)
    }
  } else {
    fmt.Println(-1)
  }
  fmt.Println(x)
}

A

10
5

B

10
10

C

5
5

D

-1
5

💡 Hint

Remember that the inner x shadows the outer x inside the if block.

Inside the if block, x is redeclared as 10. So the first print prints 10. Outside the block, x is still 5, so the second print prints 5.

Practice

1.

What does a nested conditional statement in Go allow you to do?

Example: if x > 0 { if x < 10 { ... } }

easy

A. Declare multiple variables in one line

B. Run multiple loops at the same time

C. Check one condition inside another condition

D. Create a function inside another function

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand the structure of nested conditionals

   A nested conditional means putting one if statement inside another to check multiple conditions step by step.

2. Step 2: Identify the purpose of the example code

   The example checks if x is greater than 0, then inside that block checks if x is less than 10.

3. Final Answer:

   Check one condition inside another condition -> Option C

4. Quick Check:

   Nested conditionals = conditions inside conditions [OK]

Hint: Nested means inside another condition [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Confusing nested conditionals with loops
• Thinking nested means multiple variables
• Mixing nested conditionals with function declarations

2.

Which of the following is the correct syntax for a nested if statement in Go?

if x > 0 {
    if x < 10 {
        fmt.Println("x is between 1 and 9")
    }
}

easy

A. if x > 0 {
if x < 10 {
fmt.Println("x is between 1 and 9")
}
}

B. if x > 0
if x < 10
fmt.Println("x is between 1 and 9")

C. if (x > 0) then if (x < 10) { fmt.Println("x is between 1 and 9") }

D. if x > 0 {
if x < 10 {
fmt.Println("x is between 1 and 9")
}
}

Solution

1. Step 1: Check Go syntax for nested if

   Go requires braces {} around blocks and proper indentation for readability.

2. Step 2: Compare options with correct syntax

   if x > 0 { if x < 10 { fmt.Println("x is between 1 and 9") } } uses braces and indentation correctly, matching Go style.

3. Final Answer:

   if x > 0 { if x < 10 { fmt.Println("x is between 1 and 9") } } -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Correct braces and indentation = if x > 0 { if x < 10 { fmt.Println("x is between 1 and 9") } } [OK]

Hint: Use braces {} and indent nested if blocks [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Omitting braces {} around if blocks
• Using incorrect keywords like 'then'
• Not indenting nested blocks properly

3.

What will be the output of this Go code?

package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
    x := 7
    if x > 5 {
        if x < 10 {
            fmt.Println("A")
        } else {
            fmt.Println("B")
        }
    } else {
        fmt.Println("C")
    }
}

medium

A. B

B. No output

C. C

D. A

Solution

1. Step 1: Evaluate the first condition (x > 5)

   x is 7, which is greater than 5, so the first if block runs.

2. Step 2: Evaluate the nested condition (x < 10)

   7 is less than 10, so it prints "A" inside the nested if.

3. Final Answer:

   A -> Option D

4. Quick Check:

   7 > 5 and 7 < 10 = "A" [OK]

Hint: Check conditions stepwise from outer to inner [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Ignoring nested else block
• Confusing output with 'B' or 'C'
• Assuming no output if conditions fail

4.

Find the error in this Go code snippet:

package main
import "fmt"
func main() {
    x := 3
    if x > 0
        if x < 5 {
            fmt.Println("x is between 1 and 4")
        }
}

medium

A. Missing import statement for fmt

B. Missing braces {} around the first if block

C. Incorrect variable declaration for x

D. Using > and < instead of > and <

Solution

1. Step 1: Check syntax of the first if statement

   The first if statement lacks braces {} and a closing brace for the block.

2. Step 2: Understand Go requires braces for if blocks

   In Go, if statements must have braces {} even if the block is one line or nested.

3. Final Answer:

   Missing braces {} around the first if block -> Option B

4. Quick Check:

   Go if statements need braces {} [OK]

Hint: Always use braces {} for if blocks in Go [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Forgetting braces {} on if statements
• Thinking > and < must be escaped
• Assuming import fmt is missing

5.

Write a nested conditional in Go that prints "Small positive" if a number n is greater than 0 and less than 10, prints "Large positive" if it is 10 or more, and prints "Non-positive" otherwise. What is the correct code?

hard

A. if n > 0 {
if n < 10 {
fmt.Println("Small positive")
} else {
fmt.Println("Large positive")
}
} else {
fmt.Println("Non-positive")
}

B. if n > 0 && n < 10 {
fmt.Println("Small positive")
} else if n > 10 {
fmt.Println("Large positive")
} else {
fmt.Println("Non-positive")
}

C. if n <= 10 {
if n > 0 {
fmt.Println("Small positive")
} else {
fmt.Println("Non-positive")
}
} else {
fmt.Println("Large positive")
}

D. if n > 0 {
if n > 10 {
fmt.Println("Large positive")
} else {
fmt.Println("Small positive")
}
} else {
fmt.Println("Non-positive")
}

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand the conditions to check

   We check if n is greater than 0 first, then inside that check if n is less than 10 for "Small positive" or else "Large positive".

2. Step 2: Match the nested conditional structure

   if n > 0 { if n < 10 { fmt.Println("Small positive") } else { fmt.Println("Large positive") } } else { fmt.Println("Non-positive") } correctly nests the second if inside the first and prints the right messages for each case.

3. Final Answer:

   if n > 0 { if n < 10 { fmt.Println("Small positive") } else { fmt.Println("Large positive") } } else { fmt.Println("Non-positive") } -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Nested if for ranges = if n > 0 { if n < 10 { fmt.Println("Small positive") } else { fmt.Println("Large positive") } } else { fmt.Println("Non-positive") } [OK]

Hint: Check outer condition first, then inner for ranges [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Swapping conditions order
• Using else if instead of nested if
• Mixing up the printed messages