Procedural vs OOP approach in C++ - Hands-On Comparison

Procedural vs OOP approach

📖 Scenario: You are building a simple program to manage information about books in a library. First, you will create the program using a procedural style, then you will rewrite it using object-oriented programming (OOP) style.

🎯 Goal: Learn how to organize code in two ways: procedural and object-oriented. You will create a simple program that stores book details and prints them.

📋 What You'll Learn

Create a procedural version using variables and functions

Create an OOP version using a class

Use clear and simple code for both versions

Print book details in both versions

💡 Why This Matters

🌍 Real World

Managing collections of related data like books, students, or products is common in software. Procedural code works for simple tasks, but OOP helps organize bigger programs.

💼 Career

Understanding procedural and OOP approaches is essential for software development jobs. Many projects use classes and objects to keep code clean and reusable.

1

Create procedural data variables

Create three variables: title as a std::string with value "The Great Gatsby", author as a std::string with value "F. Scott Fitzgerald", and year as an int with value 1925.

C++

#include 
#include 

int main() {

    // Create variables title, author, and year with given values
    // Your code here

    return 0;
}

Need a hint?

Use std::string for text and int for numbers.

2

Create a function to print book details

Create a function called printBook that takes three parameters: std::string title, std::string author, and int year. Inside the function, print the book details in the format: Title: [title], Author: [author], Year: [year]. Then call printBook inside main with the variables title, author, and year.

C++

#include 
#include 

// Create function printBook with parameters title, author, year
// Your code here

int main() {
    std::string title = "The Great Gatsby";
    std::string author = "F. Scott Fitzgerald";
    int year = 1925;

    // Call printBook with title, author, year
    // Your code here

    return 0;
}

Need a hint?

Define the function before main. Use std::cout to print.

3

Create a Book class with members

Create a class called Book with three public members: title and author as std::string, and year as int. Inside main, create an object book of type Book and set its title to "The Great Gatsby", author to "F. Scott Fitzgerald", and year to 1925.

C++

#include 
#include 

void printBook(std::string title, std::string author, int year) {
    std::cout << "Title: " << title << ", Author: " << author << ", Year: " << year << std::endl;
}

// Create class Book with public members title, author, year
// Your code here

int main() {
    std::string title = "The Great Gatsby";
    std::string author = "F. Scott Fitzgerald";
    int year = 1925;

    printBook(title, author, year);

    // Create Book object book and set its members
    // Your code here

    return 0;
}

Need a hint?

Define the class before main. Use dot . to set object members.

4

Print book details using the Book object

Add a function called printBookObject that takes a Book object as a parameter and prints its details in the format: Title: [title], Author: [author], Year: [year]. Then call printBookObject inside main with the book object.

C++

#include 
#include 

void printBook(std::string title, std::string author, int year) {
    std::cout << "Title: " << title << ", Author: " << author << ", Year: " << year << std::endl;
}

class Book {
public:
    std::string title;
    std::string author;
    int year;
};

// Create function printBookObject that takes a Book object and prints its details
// Your code here

int main() {
    std::string title = "The Great Gatsby";
    std::string author = "F. Scott Fitzgerald";
    int year = 1925;

    printBook(title, author, year);

    Book book;
    book.title = "The Great Gatsby";
    book.author = "F. Scott Fitzgerald";
    book.year = 1925;

    // Call printBookObject with book
    // Your code here

    return 0;
}

Need a hint?

Use std::cout inside printBookObject to print the object's members.