If–else statement in C++ - Practice Problems & Coding Challenges

Challenge - 5 Problems

❓ Predict Output

intermediate

Output of nested if–else statements

What is the output of this C++ code snippet?

C++

#include <iostream>
int main() {
    int x = 10;
    if (x > 5) {
        if (x < 15) {
            std::cout << "A";
        } else {
            std::cout << "B";
        }
    } else {
        std::cout << "C";
    }
    return 0;
}

A No output

B B

C A

D C

💡 Hint

Check the conditions step by step starting from the outer if.

x is 10, which is greater than 5, so the outer if is true. Then, x is less than 15, so the inner if is true, printing 'A'.

❓ Predict Output

intermediate

Output with else if ladder

What will this program print?

C++

#include <iostream>
int main() {
    int score = 75;
    if (score >= 90) {
        std::cout << "A";
    } else if (score >= 80) {
        std::cout << "B";
    } else if (score >= 70) {
        std::cout << "C";
    } else {
        std::cout << "F";
    }
    return 0;
}

A A

B B

C F

D C

💡 Hint

Check which condition the score satisfies first.

Score is 75, which is not >= 90 or >= 80, but is >= 70, so it prints 'C'.

❓ Predict Output

advanced

Output of if–else with logical operators

What is the output of this code?

C++

#include <iostream>
int main() {
    int a = 5, b = 10;
    if (a > 0 && b < 5) {
        std::cout << "X";
    } else if (a > 0 || b < 5) {
        std::cout << "Y";
    } else {
        std::cout << "Z";
    }
    return 0;
}

A Y

B X

C Z

D No output

💡 Hint

Evaluate the logical conditions carefully.

a > 0 is true, b < 5 is false, so first if is false (true && false = false). Second condition is true (true || false = true), so prints 'Y'.

❓ Predict Output

advanced

Value of variable after if–else execution

What is the value of variable result after running this code?

C++

#include <iostream>
int main() {
    int x = 3, result = 0;
    if (x % 2 == 0) {
        result = 10;
    } else {
        result = 20;
    }
    std::cout << result;
    return 0;
}

A 20

B 0

C 10

D Compilation error

💡 Hint

Check if x is even or odd.

x is 3, which is odd, so else block runs setting result to 20.

❓ Predict Output

expert

Behavior of if–else without braces

What will be the output of this code snippet?

C++

#include <iostream>
int main() {
    int x = 0;
    if (x == 0)
        std::cout << "Zero";
    std::cout << "Done";
    else
        std::cout << "Not zero";
    return 0;
}

A Zero

B Compilation error

C Not zero

D ZeroDone

💡 Hint

Without braces, 'if' controls only the next single statement, and an extra statement before 'else' causes a syntax error.

This code causes a compilation error ('else' without a previous 'if'). Without braces, the 'if' controls only the first 'std::cout << "Zero";'. The next 'std::cout << "Done";' is unconditional and separates the 'if' from the 'else', making the 'else' unmatched.