Arithmetic operators - Step-by-Step Execution

Concept Flow - Arithmetic operators

Start

↓

Initialize variables

↓

Apply +, -, *, /, %

↓

Store results

↓

Print results

↓

End

This flow shows how arithmetic operators take variables, perform calculations, store results, and then output them.

Execution Sample

C

int a = 10;
int b = 3;
int sum = a + b;
int diff = a - b;
int prod = a * b;
int div = a / b;
int mod = a % b;
printf("%d %d %d %d %d", sum, diff, prod, div, mod);

This code calculates sum, difference, product, division, and remainder of two integers and prints the results.

Execution Table

Step	Operation	Expression	Result	Explanation
1	Addition	sum = a + b	13	10 + 3 equals 13
2	Subtraction	diff = a - b	7	10 - 3 equals 7
3	Multiplication	prod = a * b	30	10 * 3 equals 30
4	Division	div = a / b	3	Integer division 10 / 3 equals 3 (fraction discarded)
5	Modulo	mod = a % b	1	Remainder of 10 divided by 3 is 1
6	Print	printf(...)	13 7 30 3 1	Outputs all results separated by spaces
7	End	-	-	Program finishes

💡 All arithmetic operations completed and results printed

Variable Tracker

Variable	Initial	After Step 1	After Step 2	After Step 3	After Step 4	After Step 5	Final
a	10	10	10	10	10	10	10
b	3	3	3	3	3	3	3
sum	undefined	13	13	13	13	13	13
diff	undefined	undefined	7	7	7	7	7
prod	undefined	undefined	undefined	30	30	30	30
div	undefined	undefined	undefined	undefined	3	3	3
mod	undefined	undefined	undefined	undefined	undefined	1	1

Key Moments - 3 Insights

Why does division of 10 / 3 give 3 instead of 3.333?

In C, dividing two integers results in integer division, which discards the decimal part. See execution_table step 4 where div = 3.

What does the modulo operator (%) do?

Modulo gives the remainder after division. In step 5, 10 % 3 equals 1 because 3 goes into 10 three times with remainder 1.

Are the original variables 'a' and 'b' changed by the operations?

No, 'a' and 'b' keep their initial values throughout. Only new variables store results, as shown in variable_tracker.

Visual Quiz - 3 Questions

Look at the execution_table at step 3, what is the value of 'prod'?

A 7

B 13

C 30

D 3

💡 Hint

Check the 'Result' column for step 3 in execution_table.

At which step does the modulo operation happen?

A Step 2

B Step 5

C Step 4

D Step 1

💡 Hint

Look for the '%' operator in the 'Operation' column in execution_table.

If 'a' was 9 instead of 10, what would be the new value of 'mod'?

A 0

B 1

C 2

D 3

💡 Hint

Modulo is remainder of division; 9 % 3 equals 0, but check carefully.

Concept Snapshot

Arithmetic operators in C:
+ addition
- subtraction
* multiplication
/ integer division (fraction discarded)
% modulo (remainder)
Use with integers to calculate and store results.

Full Transcript

This example shows how arithmetic operators work in C. Variables a and b are set to 10 and 3. Then sum, difference, product, division, and modulo are calculated step-by-step. Division discards decimals because both operands are integers. Modulo gives the remainder after division. The original variables stay unchanged. Finally, all results are printed together.