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Object–Subject Transformation

Introduction

Object-Subject Transformation என்பது Active Voice மற்றும் Passive Voice மாற்றத்தின் அடிப்படை ஆகும். இது ஒரு வாக்கியத்தின் கவனத்தை doer of the action (subject) இலிருந்து receiver of the action (object) நோக்கி எப்படி மாற்றுவது என்பதை கற்றுத் தருகிறது. இந்த pattern, grammar அடிப்படையிலான கேள்விகளில் அதிகமாக பயன்படுத்தப்படுகிறது மற்றும் வாக்கியங்களில் variety மற்றும் precision அதிகரிக்க உதவுகிறது.

Pattern: Object–Subject Transformation

Pattern

Passive Voice இல், active sentence இன் object, passive sentence இன் subject ஆக மாறும்.

Verb form, "be + past participle" ஆக மாறும் மற்றும் original subject, "by" மூலம் அறிமுகப்படுத்தப்படும்.

Formula:
Active: Subject + Verb + Object
Passive: Object + be + Verb (V3) + by + Subject

Step-by-Step Example

Question

Convert the following active sentence into passive voice:
The teacher teaches English.

Options:
A. English is taught by the teacher.
B. English was taught by the teacher.
C. English will be taught by the teacher.
D. English has been taught by the teacher.

Solution

  1. Step 1: Identify the parts of the sentence.

    Subject = The teacher, Verb = teaches, Object = English.

  2. Step 2: Move the object to the beginning.

    New Subject = English.

  3. Step 3: Change the verb form.

    "teaches" (present simple) → "is taught" (be + past participle).

  4. Step 4: Add the agent (by + original subject).

    → by the teacher.

  5. Final Answer:

    English is taught by the teacher. → Option A.

  6. Quick Check:

    கவனம் “teacher” (doer) இலிருந்து “English” (receiver) நோக்கி மாறுகிறது. ✅

Quick Variations

1. Tense மாற்றம் (e.g., “teaches” → “was taught”, “will teach” → “will be taught”).

2. Pronoun உள்ள வாக்கியங்கள்: He helps me → I am helped by him.

3. Object இல்லாத வாக்கியங்களை passive ஆக மாற்ற முடியாது (e.g., He sleeps.).

Trick to Always Use

  • Step 1: Object ஐ கண்டறியுங்கள் - அது new subject ஆக மாறும்.
  • Step 2: Verb ஐ “be + past participle” ஆக மாற்றுங்கள்.
  • Step 3: “by + original subject” சேர்க்கவும்.
  • Step 4: சரியான tense (is/was/will be/etc.) பயன்படுத்துங்கள்.

Summary

Summary

Object-Subject Transformation pattern இல்:

  • Object → new subject ஆக மாறும்.
  • Verb, be + past participle form எடுக்கும்.
  • Original subject, by மூலம் வரும்.
  • Transitive verbs (object கொண்ட verbs) மட்டுமே passive voice உருவாக்க முடியும்.

Practice

(1/5)
1. Convert into passive voice:<br>He writes a letter.
easy
A. A letter is written by him.
B. A letter was written by him.
C. A letter will be written by him.
D. A letter has been written by him.

Solution

  1. Step 1: Identify the sentence parts.

    Subject = He; Verb = writes; Object = a letter.

  2. Step 2: Move the object to the beginning.

    New subject = A letter.

  3. Step 3: Change the verb form.

    ‘writes’ (present simple) → ‘is written’ (is + past participle).

  4. Step 4: Add the agent.

    → by him.

  5. Final Answer:

    A letter is written by him. → Option A.

  6. Quick Check:

    Present simple passive uses ‘is + V3’ and the focus shifts to the object. ✅
Hint: Present simple → is/am/are + past participle.
Common Mistakes: Using ‘was written’ instead of ‘is written’ for present tense.
2. Choose the correct passive form:<br>The manager approved the proposal.
easy
A. The proposal is approved by the manager.
B. The proposal was approved by the manager.
C. The proposal will be approved by the manager.
D. The proposal has been approved by the manager.

Solution

  1. Step 1: Identify tense and parts.

    Verb ‘approved’ = past simple; Subject = the manager; Object = the proposal.

  2. Step 2: Move object to front.

    Object = The proposal → new subject.

  3. Step 3: Apply passive rule.

    Past simple → was/were + past participle → was approved.

  4. Step 4: Add agent.

    → by the manager.

  5. Final Answer:

    The proposal was approved by the manager. → Option B.

  6. Quick Check:

    Past simple passive correctly uses ‘was approved’. ✅
Hint: Past simple → was/were + past participle.
Common Mistakes: Using present auxiliary ‘is’ instead of ‘was’.
3. Identify the correct passive voice:<br>The chef prepared the meal.
easy
A. The meal was prepared by the chef.
B. The meal has been prepared by the chef.
C. The meal will be prepared by the chef.
D. The meal is prepared by the chef.

Solution

  1. Step 1: Identify the tense.

    ‘Prepared’ = past simple; Subject = the chef; Object = the meal.

  2. Step 2: Move object to subject position.

    Object = The meal → new subject.

  3. Step 3: Change the verb form.

    Past simple → was/were + past participle → was prepared.

  4. Step 4: Add agent.

    → by the chef.

  5. Final Answer:

    The meal was prepared by the chef. → Option A.

  6. Quick Check:

    Past action correctly uses ‘was prepared’. ✅
Hint: Past simple → was/were + past participle.
Common Mistakes: Choosing a future or present form instead of past passive.
4. Change into passive voice:<br>The police have caught the thief.
medium
A. The thief is caught by the police.
B. The thief was caught by the police.
C. The thief will be caught by the police.
D. The thief has been caught by the police.

Solution

  1. Step 1: Identify tense and parts.

    ‘Have caught’ = present perfect; Subject = the police; Object = the thief.

  2. Step 2: Move object to subject place.

    New subject = The thief.

  3. Step 3: Apply passive rule.

    Present perfect → has/have been + past participle → has been caught.

  4. Step 4: Add agent.

    → by the police.

  5. Final Answer:

    The thief has been caught by the police. → Option D.

  6. Quick Check:

    Present perfect passive uses ‘has/have been + V3’ - correct here. ✅
Hint: Present perfect → has/have been + past participle.
Common Mistakes: Using past simple (‘was caught’) instead of present perfect passive when original is ‘have/has + V3’.
5. Select the correct passive sentence:<br>The company is launching a new product.
medium
A. A new product was launched by the company.
B. A new product is launched by the company.
C. A new product is being launched by the company.
D. A new product has been launched by the company.

Solution

  1. Step 1: Identify tense.

    ‘Is launching’ = present continuous; Subject = the company; Object = a new product.

  2. Step 2: Move object first.

    Object = a new product → becomes subject.

  3. Step 3: Change verb.

    Present continuous → is/am/are being + past participle → is being launched.

  4. Step 4: Add agent.

    → by the company.

  5. Final Answer:

    A new product is being launched by the company. → Option C.

  6. Quick Check:

    Continuous passive requires ‘being + V3’ - correct here. ✅
Hint: Present continuous → is/am/are being + past participle.
Common Mistakes: Omitting ‘being’ in continuous passive forms.

Mock Test

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