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Action / Habit-related Substitution

Introduction

Action / Habit-related Substitution pattern उस phrase को एक single शब्द से replace करने पर आधारित है, जो किसी व्यक्ति की नियमित क्रिया, व्यवहार या आदत को describe करता है।

ऐसे शब्द competitive exams में अक्सर पूछे जाते हैं क्योंकि ये आपकी ability को test करते हैं कि आप किसी repeated action (जैसे बहुत खाना, बहुत बात करना) को उससे जुड़े सटीक term से जोड़ सकते हैं या नहीं।

Pattern: Action / Habit-related Substitution

Pattern

मुख्य विचार: किसी व्यक्ति की repeated action या habit को describe करने वाले phrase को उसके संबंधित single-word noun से बदलना।

उदाहरण: “One who eats too much” → Glutton
“One who talks too much” → Loquacious

Step-by-Step Example

Question

One who walks in sleep is called ________.

Solution

  1. Step 1: Identify the action

    Phrase “walks in sleep” एक unusual habit दर्शाता है जो नींद में अनजाने में होता है।
  2. Step 2: Recall the correct term

    जो व्यक्ति नींद में चलता है उसे Somnambulist कहते हैं।
  3. Step 3: Understand the roots

    ‘Somnus’ = sleep और ‘Ambulare’ = walk → Somnambulist = sleepwalker.
  4. Final Answer:

    One who walks in sleep → Somnambulist.
  5. Quick Check:

    Somnambulist = person who walks while asleep ✔️

Quick Variations

  • 1. One who eats too much → Glutton
  • 2. One who cannot read or write → Illiterate
  • 3. One who talks excessively → Loquacious
  • 4. One who drinks heavily → Drunkard
  • 5. One who spends money lavishly → Spendthrift
  • 6. One who always doubts others → Skeptic

Trick to Always Use

  • Step 1: Phrase में दी गई action या habit पहचानें - जैसे eating, sleeping, talking।
  • Step 2: Greek/Latin roots याद करें - जैसे “somn” (sleep), “loqu” (talk), “phil” (love)।
  • Step 3: उस habit या tendency के अनुसार सही one-word noun या adjective चुनें।

Summary

Summary

  • यह pattern habit-based descriptions को एक सटीक one-word term से replace करता है।
  • somn (sleep), loqu (speak), phil (love), graph (write) जैसे roots meanings समझने में मदद करते हैं।
  • Common examples: Glutton (overeats), Spendthrift (overspends), Somnambulist (sleepwalker).
  • हमेशा action पहचानें → root याद करें → सही term match करें।

Practice

(1/5)
1. One who eats too much is called ________.
easy
A. Glutton
B. Epicure
C. Gourmet
D. Cannibal

Solution

  1. Step 1: Identify the action

    The phrase 'eats too much' describes excessive eating behaviour.
  2. Step 2: Recall the correct term

    A person who overeats is called a Glutton.
  3. Step 3: Distinguish similar words

    'Epicure' or 'Gourmet' enjoy fine food but do not imply overeating.
  4. Final Answer:

    Glutton → Option A.
  5. Quick Check:

    Glutton = one who eats excessively ✅
Hint: Glutton = over-eater; Gourmet = fine-food lover.
Common Mistakes: Choosing 'Epicure' (enjoys good food) instead of 'Glutton' (overeats).
2. One who talks too much is called ________.
easy
A. Taciturn
B. Loquacious
C. Silent
D. Introvert

Solution

  1. Step 1: Identify the clue

    'Talks too much' indicates a person who speaks excessively.
  2. Step 2: Recall the correct term

    The word for a very talkative person is Loquacious.
  3. Step 3: Understand the root

    'Loqu' = speak → Loquacious = talkative.
  4. Final Answer:

    Loquacious → Option B.
  5. Quick Check:

    Loquacious = very talkative ✅
Hint: ‘Loqu’ means speak → Loquacious = talkative.
Common Mistakes: Confusing 'Loquacious' with 'Taciturn' (opposite meaning).
3. One who cannot read or write is called ________.
easy
A. Ignorant
B. Uneducated
C. Illiterate
D. Innocent

Solution

  1. Step 1: Identify the clue

    'Cannot read or write' refers specifically to lack of literacy skills.
  2. Step 2: Recall the correct term

    A person unable to read or write is Illiterate.
  3. Step 3: Distinguish similar words

    'Ignorant' means unaware; 'Uneducated' is broader but not precisely 'cannot read or write'.
  4. Final Answer:

    Illiterate → Option C.
  5. Quick Check:

    Illiterate = unable to read/write ✅
Hint: Il- (not) + literate → Illiterate = not literate.
Common Mistakes: Choosing 'Ignorant' which means unaware, not specifically illiterate.
4. One who drinks alcohol excessively is called ________.
medium
A. Drunkard
B. Tippler
C. Addict
D. Alcoholic

Solution

  1. Step 1: Identify the clue

    'Drinks alcohol excessively' indicates habitual and problematic alcohol consumption.
  2. Step 2: Recall the correct term

    The medical/common term for someone dependent on alcohol is Alcoholic.
  3. Step 3: Distinguish nuance

    'Drunkard' is informal; 'Alcoholic' specifically denotes habitual dependency.
  4. Final Answer:

    Alcoholic → Option D.
  5. Quick Check:

    Alcoholic = person dependent on alcohol ✅
Hint: Alcoholic = habitual alcohol-dependent person; Tippler = casual drinker.
Common Mistakes: Using 'Tippler' (occasional drinker) instead of 'Alcoholic' (habitual dependency).
5. One who spends money carelessly or extravagantly is called ________.
medium
A. Spendthrift
B. Miser
C. Philanthropist
D. Stingy

Solution

  1. Step 1: Identify the clue

    'Spends money carelessly or extravagantly' describes wasteful spending behaviour.
  2. Step 2: Recall the correct term

    A person who wastes money by spending it lavishly is a Spendthrift.
  3. Step 3: Differentiate opposites

    'Miser' hoards money (opposite of Spendthrift); 'Philanthropist' gives for charity (not wasteful spending).
  4. Final Answer:

    Spendthrift → Option A.
  5. Quick Check:

    Spendthrift = wasteful spender ✅
Hint: Spendthrift = spends freely; Miser = hoards money.
Common Mistakes: Selecting 'Miser' which is the opposite meaning.

Mock Test

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