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Coded Relation Based Data Sufficiency

Introduction

Coded Relation Based Data Sufficiency समस्याओं में लोगों या objects के रिश्तों को coded symbols जैसे +, -, ×, ÷, @, # आदि से दर्शाया जाता है। आपका काम यह तय करना होता है कि दिए गए coded data से किसी भी दो entities के बीच का सही संबंध या तुलना uniquely पता चलती है या नहीं।

यह pattern महत्वपूर्ण है क्योंकि यह logical reasoning और data sufficiency दोनों का मिश्रण है, और banking व aptitude exams में बहुत पूछा जाता है।

Pattern: Coded Relation Based Data Sufficiency

Pattern

हर statement coded relation का एक हिस्सा देता है। आपको तय करना होता है कि statement (I), statement (II), या दोनों मिलकर required relation को uniquely determine करते हैं या नहीं।

मुख्य प्रक्रिया: symbols decode करें → relations पहचानें → देखें कि target relation बिना ambiguity के निकल रहा है या नहीं।

Step-by-Step Example

Question

Symbol “#” किस relation को दर्शाता है?

(I) A # B का मतलब A, B की sister है।
(II) B # C का मतलब B और C opposite gender के हैं।

Options:
A. केवल (I) पर्याप्त है
B. केवल (II) पर्याप्त है
C. प्रत्येक statement अकेला पर्याप्त है
D. दोनों statements साथ में आवश्यक हैं

Solution

  1. Step 1: (I) का विश्लेषण

    (I) “#” symbol का meaning सीधे बता देता है - A, B की sister है। इसलिए (I) अकेला ही sufficient है।
  2. Step 2: (II) का विश्लेषण

    (II) केवल इतना बताता है कि B और C opposite gender के हैं। यह relation की nature स्पष्ट नहीं करता → insufficient।
  3. Final Answer:

    केवल (I) पर्याप्त है → Option A
  4. Quick Check:

    (I) symbol को पूरी तरह explain करता है; (II) केवल partial clue देता है ✅

Quick Variations

1. Relationship-based codes (father, sister, friend आदि)।

2. Direction-based coded positions (जैसे “A @ B” = A, B के east में है)।

3. Hierarchy-based codes (“A * B” = A, B से senior है)।

4. Multi-symbol chains जैसे “P + Q - R × S” जिन्हें decode करने के लिए कई steps लगते हैं।

Trick to Always Use

  • Step 1: हर symbol को statements से अलग-अलग decode करें।
  • Step 2: देखें question क्या पूछ रहा है - gender, relation, position या hierarchy?
  • Step 3: Decide करें कि एक statement ही meaning clear कर देता है या दोनों की जरूरत है।
  • Step 4: केवल sufficiency देखें - अतिरिक्त assumptions कभी न जोड़ें।

Summary

Summary

  • हर statement coded relations का कुछ हिस्सा define करता है।
  • Target relation uniquely निकल रहा है या नहीं - केवल यही sufficiency का आधार है।
  • Statements को तभी combine करें जब अकेले sufficient न हों।
  • Direct symbol meaning और implied meaning में फर्क समझें।

याद रखने वाला उदाहरण:
यदि (I) symbol का meaning direct देता है और (II) केवल partial hint देता है, तो (I) alone sufficient होता है।

Practice

(1/5)
1. What does the symbol '@' represent?<br>(I) A @ B means A is the father of B.<br>(II) B @ C means B is the brother of C.
easy
A. Only (I) is sufficient
B. Only (II) is sufficient
C. Each statement alone is sufficient
D. Both statements together are necessary

Solution

  1. Step 1: Analyze (I)

    (I) defines '@' clearly as 'father of' → sufficient.
  2. Step 2: Analyze (II)

    (II) changes meaning entirely ('brother of') → conflicting information → insufficient.
  3. Final Answer:

    Only (I) is sufficient → Option A
  4. Quick Check:

    (I) provides clear relational meaning ✅
Hint: If one statement alone defines the coded symbol, it’s sufficient.
Common Mistakes: Assuming multiple contradictory meanings can coexist.
2. What does the symbol '$' denote?<br>(I) A $ B means A is the daughter of B.<br>(II) A $ B means A is the child of B and is female.
easy
A. Only (I) is sufficient
B. Only (II) is sufficient
C. Each statement alone is sufficient
D. Both statements together are necessary

Solution

  1. Step 1: Analyze (I)

    (I) directly defines '$' as 'daughter of' → sufficient.
  2. Step 2: Analyze (II)

    (II) also implies same meaning through 'child' + 'female' → sufficient.
  3. Final Answer:

    Each statement alone is sufficient → Option C
  4. Quick Check:

    Both statements independently define identical relationship ✅
Hint: If both statements mean the same and are complete, mark C.
Common Mistakes: Over-analyzing statements with equivalent meanings.
3. What does the symbol '*' indicate?<br>(I) A * B means A is the husband of B.<br>(II) B * C means B is the wife of C.
easy
A. Only (I) is sufficient
B. Only (II) is sufficient
C. Each statement alone is sufficient
D. Both statements together are necessary

Solution

  1. Step 1: Analyze (I)

    (I) defines '*' clearly as spousal relation → sufficient.
  2. Step 2: Analyze (II)

    (II) also defines the same reciprocal spousal relation → sufficient.
  3. Final Answer:

    Each statement alone is sufficient → Option C
  4. Quick Check:

    Both describe same husband-wife relationship independently ✅
Hint: Reciprocal spousal relations provide complete meaning individually.
Common Mistakes: Missing that both statements describe the same relationship.
4. What does the symbol '#' represent?<br>(I) A # B means A is the mother of B.<br>(II) A # B means A and B are of the same gender.
medium
A. Only (I) is sufficient
B. Only (II) is sufficient
C. Each statement alone is sufficient
D. Both statements together are necessary

Solution

  1. Step 1: Analyze (I)

    (I) completely defines '#' as 'mother of' → sufficient.
  2. Step 2: Analyze (II)

    (II) gives only gender similarity, not relationship → insufficient.
  3. Final Answer:

    Only (I) is sufficient → Option A
  4. Quick Check:

    Direct relational definition is complete in (I) ✅
Hint: Direct definition alone settles symbol meaning.
Common Mistakes: Thinking gender info affects relational definition.
5. What does the symbol '&' represent?<br>(I) A & B means A is the brother of B.<br>(II) A & B means A is male.
medium
A. Only (I) is sufficient
B. Only (II) is sufficient
C. Each statement alone is sufficient
D. Both statements together are necessary

Solution

  1. Step 1: Analyze (I)

    (I) fully defines '&' as 'brother of' → sufficient.
  2. Step 2: Analyze (II)

    (II) gives only gender detail, not relationship → insufficient.
  3. Final Answer:

    Only (I) is sufficient → Option A
  4. Quick Check:

    Relationship + gender already included in (I) itself ✅
Hint: If one statement already defines the relation, no need for gender-only clues.
Common Mistakes: Assuming gender-only clues help determine relation.

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