What is embedded C

Introduction

Embedded C is a simple way to write instructions for small computers inside devices. It helps control things like machines and gadgets.

When programming small devices like microwaves or washing machines.

When you want to control hardware like sensors or motors.

When making software for gadgets that do specific tasks.

When you need fast and efficient code for limited memory devices.

Syntax

Embedded C

Embedded C uses normal C language rules with some extra parts to work with hardware.

Example:
#include <some_hardware_library.h>

void main() {
    // your code here
}

Embedded C looks like regular C but includes special commands to talk to hardware.

You often include special libraries for the device you are programming.

Examples

This example sets a port on a microcontroller as output and turns on an LED.

Embedded C

#include <avr/io.h>

int main() {
    DDRB = 0xFF; // Set PORTB as output
    PORTB = 0x01; // Turn on first LED
    while(1) {}
    return 0;
}

This example is for a PIC microcontroller turning on all LEDs connected to PORTB.

Embedded C

#include <pic.h>

void main() {
    TRISB = 0x00; // Set PORTB as output
    PORTB = 0xFF; // Turn on all LEDs
    while(1) {}
}

Sample Program

This program sets all pins of PORTB as output and turns on all LEDs connected to it. The infinite loop keeps the program running so the LEDs stay on.

Embedded C

#include <avr/io.h>

int main() {
    DDRB = 0xFF; // Set PORTB as output
    PORTB = 0xFF; // Turn on all LEDs connected to PORTB
    while(1) {
        // Infinite loop to keep LEDs on
    }
    return 0;
}

Important Notes

Embedded C programs often run forever on devices, so they use infinite loops.

Hardware registers like DDRB and PORTB control pins on microcontrollers.

Each microcontroller may have different special libraries and registers.

Summary

Embedded C is C language adapted to control hardware devices.

It is used to write programs for small computers inside gadgets.

It includes special commands to work directly with hardware pins and registers.