YEAR, MONTH, DAY extraction in SQL - Interactive Code Practice

Practice - 5 Tasks

1fill in blank

easy

Complete the code to extract the year from the date column.

SQL

SELECT [1](order_date) AS order_year FROM orders;

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

AYEAR

BMONTH

CDAY

DDATE

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using MONTH() or DAY() instead of YEAR() will extract the wrong part.

Using DATE() is not a valid function to extract year.

The YEAR() function extracts the year part from a date.

2fill in blank

medium

Complete the code to extract the month from the date column.

SQL

SELECT [1](order_date) AS order_month FROM orders;

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

ADAY

BHOUR

CYEAR

DMONTH

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using DAY() or YEAR() instead of MONTH() will give wrong results.

Using HOUR() is unrelated to date extraction.

The MONTH() function extracts the month number from a date.

3fill in blank

hard

Fix the error in the code to extract the day from the date column.

SQL

SELECT [1](order_date) AS order_day FROM orders;

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

AMONTH

BDAY

CYEAR

DDATEPART

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using MONTH() or YEAR() instead of DAY() will extract the wrong part.

DATEPART() requires additional arguments and is not used here.

The DAY() function extracts the day number from a date.

4fill in blank

hard

Fill both blanks to extract year and month from the date column.

SQL

SELECT [1](order_date) AS year, [2](order_date) AS month FROM orders;

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

AYEAR

BDAY

CMONTH

DDATE

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Swapping YEAR() and MONTH() functions.

Using DAY() or DATE() instead of MONTH() for the month extraction.

Use YEAR() to get the year and MONTH() to get the month from a date.

5fill in blank

hard

Fill all three blanks to extract year, month, and day from the date column.

SQL

SELECT [1](order_date) AS year, [2](order_date) AS month, [3](order_date) AS day FROM orders;

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

AYEAR

BMONTH

CDAY

DDATE

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using DATE() instead of DAY() for the day extraction.

Mixing up the order of MONTH() and DAY() functions.

Use YEAR(), MONTH(), and DAY() functions to extract the respective parts from a date.

Practice

1. What does the SQL function EXTRACT(YEAR FROM order_date) return when used on a date column?

easy

A. The full date in order_date

B. The year part of the date in order_date

C. The day part of the date in order_date

D. The month part of the date in order_date

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand the EXTRACT function

   The EXTRACT function is used to get a specific part of a date, such as year, month, or day.

2. Step 2: Identify the part requested

   Here, EXTRACT(YEAR FROM order_date) extracts the year part from the date in the order_date column.

3. Final Answer:

   The year part of the date in order_date -> Option B

4. Quick Check:

   EXTRACT(YEAR FROM date) = year number [OK]

Hint: EXTRACT(YEAR FROM date) gets the year number fast [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Confusing YEAR with MONTH or DAY
• Expecting full date instead of part
• Using wrong syntax like EXTRACT(order_date YEAR)

2. Which of the following is the correct syntax to extract the month from a date column named sale_date?

easy

A. EXTRACT(MONTH FROM sale_date)

B. EXTRACT(MONTH sale_date)

C. EXTRACT(FROM sale_date MONTH)

D. EXTRACT(sale_date, MONTH)

Solution

1. Step 1: Recall the correct EXTRACT syntax

   The correct syntax is EXTRACT(part FROM source), where part is YEAR, MONTH, or DAY.

2. Step 2: Match syntax with options

   EXTRACT(MONTH FROM sale_date) uses EXTRACT(MONTH FROM sale_date), which matches the correct syntax.

3. Final Answer:

   EXTRACT(MONTH FROM sale_date) -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   EXTRACT(part FROM date) is correct syntax [OK]

Hint: Remember EXTRACT(part FROM date) syntax [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Omitting FROM keyword
• Swapping order of arguments
• Using commas inside EXTRACT

3. Given a table events with a column event_date storing dates, what will this query return?

SELECT EXTRACT(DAY FROM event_date) FROM events WHERE EXTRACT(MONTH FROM event_date) = 12;

medium

A. All month numbers of events that happened in December

B. Syntax error due to wrong EXTRACT usage

C. All full dates of events in December

D. All day numbers of events that happened in December

Solution

1. Step 1: Analyze the WHERE clause

   The WHERE clause filters rows where the month part of event_date is 12 (December).

2. Step 2: Analyze the SELECT clause

   The SELECT clause extracts the day part from event_date for those filtered rows.

3. Final Answer:

   All day numbers of events that happened in December -> Option D

4. Quick Check:

   EXTRACT filters month=12, selects day numbers [OK]

Hint: Filter by month, select day with EXTRACT [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Confusing day with month in SELECT
• Expecting full date instead of day number
• Thinking query has syntax error

4. Identify the error in this SQL query:

SELECT EXTRACT(YEAR sale_date) FROM sales;

medium

A. Missing FROM keyword inside EXTRACT

B. sale_date should be in quotes

C. EXTRACT cannot be used on date columns

D. No error, query is correct

Solution

1. Step 1: Check EXTRACT syntax

   EXTRACT requires the syntax EXTRACT(part FROM source). The keyword FROM is missing here.

2. Step 2: Confirm correct usage

   The correct query should be SELECT EXTRACT(YEAR FROM sale_date) FROM sales;

3. Final Answer:

   Missing FROM keyword inside EXTRACT -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   EXTRACT(part FROM date) needs FROM [OK]

Hint: Always include FROM in EXTRACT syntax [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Omitting FROM keyword
• Putting column name in quotes
• Thinking EXTRACT can't use dates

5. You want to find all orders placed on the 15th day of any month in 2023 from the orders table with a order_date column. Which query correctly filters these orders?

hard

A. SELECT * FROM orders WHERE EXTRACT(MONTH FROM order_date) = 15 AND EXTRACT(YEAR FROM order_date) = 2023;

B. SELECT * FROM orders WHERE DAY(order_date) = 15 AND YEAR(order_date) = 2023;

C. SELECT * FROM orders WHERE EXTRACT(DAY FROM order_date) = 15 AND EXTRACT(YEAR FROM order_date) = 2023;

D. SELECT * FROM orders WHERE EXTRACT(DAY FROM order_date) = 2023 AND EXTRACT(YEAR FROM order_date) = 15;

Solution

1. Step 1: Identify correct EXTRACT usage for day and year

   We want day = 15 and year = 2023, so EXTRACT(DAY FROM order_date) = 15 and EXTRACT(YEAR FROM order_date) = 2023.

2. Step 2: Check each option

   SELECT * FROM orders WHERE EXTRACT(DAY FROM order_date) = 15 AND EXTRACT(YEAR FROM order_date) = 2023; matches the correct conditions. SELECT * FROM orders WHERE DAY(order_date) = 15 AND YEAR(order_date) = 2023; uses non-standard functions that may not work in all SQL dialects. SELECT * FROM orders WHERE EXTRACT(MONTH FROM order_date) = 15 AND EXTRACT(YEAR FROM order_date) = 2023; incorrectly uses MONTH = 15. SELECT * FROM orders WHERE EXTRACT(DAY FROM order_date) = 2023 AND EXTRACT(YEAR FROM order_date) = 15; swaps day and year values incorrectly.

3. Final Answer:

   SELECT * FROM orders WHERE EXTRACT(DAY FROM order_date) = 15 AND EXTRACT(YEAR FROM order_date) = 2023; -> Option C

4. Quick Check:

   Filter day=15 and year=2023 with EXTRACT [OK]

Hint: Use EXTRACT(DAY FROM date) and EXTRACT(YEAR FROM date) together [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Mixing up day and month
• Using non-standard functions without checking dialect
• Swapping day and year values