ROUND, CEIL, FLOOR in SQL - Step-by-Step Execution

Concept Flow - ROUND, CEIL, FLOOR

Start with a number

↓

ROUND

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Return result

Start with a number, pick one of the functions ROUND, CEIL, or FLOOR, then get the rounded result accordingly.

Execution Sample

SQL

SELECT ROUND(4.3), CEIL(4.3), FLOOR(4.7);

This query rounds 4.3 to nearest integer, rounds 4.3 up, and rounds 4.7 down.

Execution Table

Step	Function	Input	Operation	Result
1	ROUND	4.3	Round to nearest integer	4
2	CEIL	4.3	Round up to next integer	5
3	FLOOR	4.7	Round down to previous integer	4
4	END		All functions executed	Results: 4, 5, 4

💡 All functions processed, results returned.

Variable Tracker

Variable	Start	After ROUND	After CEIL	After FLOOR	Final
Input Number	4.3 / 4.3 / 4.7	4.3	4.3	4.7	unchanged
ROUND Result	N/A	4	N/A	N/A	4
CEIL Result	N/A	N/A	5	N/A	5
FLOOR Result	N/A	N/A	N/A	4	4

Key Moments - 2 Insights

Why does ROUND(4.3) give 4 but CEIL(4.3) gives 5?

ROUND rounds to the nearest integer, so 4.3 becomes 4. CEIL always rounds up to the next integer, so 4.3 becomes 5. See execution_table rows 1 and 2.

Why does FLOOR(4.7) give 4 instead of 5?

FLOOR always rounds down to the previous integer, so 4.7 becomes 4. See execution_table row 3.

Visual Quiz - 3 Questions

Look at the execution table, what is the result of CEIL(4.3)?

A 4

B 5

C 3

D 6

💡 Hint

Check execution_table row 2 under Result column.

At which step does the function round down?

A Step 3

B Step 1

C Step 2

D Step 4

💡 Hint

Look for FLOOR function in execution_table.

If input was 4.5, what would ROUND(4.5) return?

A 6

B 4

C 5

D 3

💡 Hint

ROUND rounds to nearest integer; 4.5 rounds up to 5.

Concept Snapshot

ROUND(number): rounds to nearest integer.
CEIL(number): rounds up to next integer.
FLOOR(number): rounds down to previous integer.
Use these to control decimal rounding in SQL queries.

Full Transcript

This lesson shows how SQL functions ROUND, CEIL, and FLOOR work. Starting with a number, ROUND rounds it to the nearest whole number. CEIL always rounds up to the next whole number, even if the decimal is small. FLOOR always rounds down to the previous whole number. For example, ROUND(4.3) is 4, CEIL(4.3) is 5, and FLOOR(4.7) is 4. These functions help control how decimals are handled in your data queries.