DATE_FORMAT and EXTRACT in SQL - Cheat Sheet & Quick Revision

Recall & Review

beginner

What does the SQL function DATE_FORMAT do?

DATE_FORMAT formats a date or datetime value into a string based on a specified pattern. It helps you display dates in a readable or custom way.

beginner

What is the purpose of the SQL function EXTRACT?

EXTRACT pulls out a specific part (like year, month, day) from a date or time value. It returns that part as a number.

beginner

Write a simple example of DATE_FORMAT to show a date as 'Day-Month-Year'.

Example: DATE_FORMAT('2024-06-15', '%d-%m-%Y') returns '15-06-2024'.

beginner

How do you extract the month from a date using EXTRACT?

Use EXTRACT(MONTH FROM date_column). It returns the month number (1 to 12).

intermediate

What is the difference between DATE_FORMAT and EXTRACT?

DATE_FORMAT converts a date to a formatted string. EXTRACT gets a numeric part from a date (like year or day).

Which SQL function would you use to get the year from a date?

A FORMAT_DATE(date, 'year')

B DATE_FORMAT(date, '%Y-%m-%d')

C GETYEAR(date)

D EXTRACT(YEAR FROM date)

EXTRACT(YEAR FROM date) returns the year as a number. The others are incorrect or invalid.

What does DATE_FORMAT('2024-06-15', '%d/%m/%Y') return?

A '15/06/2024'

B '2024/06/15'

C '06/15/2024'

D '15-06-2024'

The format %d/%m/%Y means day/month/year, so it returns '15/06/2024'.

Which part can EXTRACT NOT get from a date?

A MONTH

B WEEKDAY_NAME

C HOUR

D YEAR

EXTRACT can get numeric parts like YEAR, MONTH, HOUR but not text like weekday name.

If you want to display a date as 'June 15, 2024', which function helps best?

A EXTRACT

B NOW()

C DATE_FORMAT

D DATEDIFF

DATE_FORMAT formats dates into readable strings like 'June 15, 2024'.

What type of value does EXTRACT return?

A Number

B Date

C String

D Boolean

EXTRACT returns a number representing the part of the date (like month number).

Explain how to use DATE_FORMAT to change the display of a date.

Think about turning a date into a string with a pattern.

Describe how EXTRACT helps when working with dates in SQL.

Focus on getting specific parts from a date.