New window and tab creation in Selenium Python - Practice Problems & Coding Challenges

Challenge - 5 Problems

❓ Predict Output

intermediate

What is the output of this Selenium Python code snippet?

Consider the following Selenium Python code that opens a new tab and switches to it. What will be the value of len(driver.window_handles) after execution?

Selenium Python

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys

options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument('--headless=new')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('https://example.com')

# Open a new tab
original_windows = driver.window_handles
body = driver.find_element(By.TAG_NAME, 'body')
body.send_keys(Keys.CONTROL + 't')

# Switch to new tab
new_windows = driver.window_handles
print(len(new_windows))
driver.quit()

A 2

B 1

C 3

D 0

💡 Hint

Remember that opening a new tab adds one window handle to the list.

Initially, there is one window handle. After sending Ctrl+T, a new tab opens, increasing the count to 2.

❓ assertion

intermediate

Which assertion correctly verifies the new window title after opening a new window?

You have opened a new window using Selenium and switched to it. The new window loads 'https://www.python.org'. Which assertion correctly checks that the new window's title contains 'Python'?

Selenium Python

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument('--headless=new')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
driver.get('https://example.com')

# Open new window
driver.execute_script("window.open('https://www.python.org', '_blank');")

# Switch to new window
new_window = driver.window_handles[-1]
driver.switch_to.window(new_window)

# Assertion here

A assert 'Python' in driver.title

B assert driver.title == 'Python'

C assert driver.title.contains('Python')

D assert driver.title.index('Python')

💡 Hint

Check Python string methods for containment.

The correct way to check if a substring is in a string is using the 'in' keyword. Option A uses this correctly.

❓ locator

advanced

Which locator is best to find the button that opens a new window?

You want to locate a button that opens a new window. The button has the attribute aria-label="Open new window". Which locator is best practice to find this button in Selenium?

A driver.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, 'btn-open-window')

B driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'button[aria-label="Open new window"]')

C driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '//button[@aria-label="Open new window"]')

D driver.find_element(By.ID, 'openWindowBtn')

💡 Hint

Use attribute selectors for accessibility attributes.

Using CSS selector with the aria-label attribute is both semantic and efficient. Option B uses this best practice.

🔧 Debug

advanced

Why does this Selenium code fail to switch to the new tab?

The code below opens a new tab but fails to switch to it. What is the cause?

Selenium Python

driver.get('https://example.com')
original_windows = driver.window_handles
# Open new tab
driver.execute_script("window.open('https://www.google.com', '_blank');")
# Attempt to switch
driver.switch_to.window(original_windows[1])

A switch_to.window requires window title, not handle

B window.open does not open a new tab in Selenium

C original_windows list was captured before opening new tab, so index 1 does not exist

D driver.execute_script syntax is incorrect

💡 Hint

Check when the window handles list is captured.

The list original_windows was captured before opening the new tab, so it only has one handle at index 0. Index 1 is out of range.

❓ framework

expert

Which pytest fixture setup correctly handles opening and closing a new browser window for tests?

You want a pytest fixture that opens a Chrome browser, yields the driver for tests, and ensures the browser closes after tests. Which fixture code is correct?

A

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver

def driver():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    yield driver
    driver.quit()

B

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver

@pytest.fixture
def driver():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    driver.quit()
    yield driver

C

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver

@pytest.fixture
def driver():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    yield driver
    driver.close()

D

import pytest
from selenium import webdriver

@pytest.fixture
def driver():
    driver = webdriver.Chrome()
    yield driver
    driver.quit()

💡 Hint

Remember that code after yield runs as teardown.

Option D correctly creates the driver, yields it for tests, and quits after tests. Option D quits before yield, so driver is closed during tests. Option D calls close() which closes only current window, not entire browser. Option D is missing @pytest.fixture decorator.