Base page class in Selenium Python - Interactive Code Practice

Practice - 5 Tasks

1fill in blank

easy

Complete the code to import the Selenium WebDriver module.

Selenium Python

from selenium import [1]

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

Aselenium

BWebDriver

Cdriver

Dwebdriver

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using uppercase 'WebDriver' which is incorrect for import.

Importing 'driver' or 'selenium' which are not valid modules.

The correct import is webdriver from the selenium package to use Selenium WebDriver.

2fill in blank

medium

Complete the code to define the BasePage class constructor with a driver parameter.

Selenium Python

class BasePage:
    def __init__(self, [1]):
        self.driver = driver

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

Awebdriver

Bself

Cdriver

Dbrowser

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using 'self' as a parameter which is reserved for instance reference.

Using 'browser' or 'webdriver' which are not used in this context.

The constructor takes driver as a parameter to control the browser.

3fill in blank

hard

Fix the error in the method to find an element by CSS selector.

Selenium Python

def find_element(self, css_selector):
    return self.driver.find_element_by_[1](css_selector)

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

Acss_selector

Bcss

CcssSelector

Dcssselector

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using 'css' which creates an invalid method name.

Using 'cssSelector' which is camel case.

Using 'cssselector' without the underscore.

The correct method suffix is css_selector for find_element_by_css_selector in Selenium Python.

4fill in blank

hard

Fill both blanks to create a method that waits for an element to be visible using WebDriverWait and expected_conditions.

Selenium Python

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

def wait_for_element(self, locator):
    wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, [1])
    return wait.until(EC.[2](locator))

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

A10

B5

Cvisibility_of_element_located

Dpresence_of_element_located

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using too short wait time like 5 seconds which might be insufficient.

Using presence_of_element_located which does not guarantee visibility.

The wait time is usually set to 10 seconds, and the expected condition to check visibility is visibility_of_element_located.

5fill in blank

hard

Fill all three blanks to create a method that clicks an element after waiting for it to be clickable.

Selenium Python

def click_element(self, locator):
    wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, [1])
    element = wait.until(EC.[2](locator))
    element.[3]()

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

A15

Bclickable

Cclick

Delement_to_be_clickable

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using 'clickable' alone which is not a valid expected condition.

Calling 'clickable()' instead of 'click()' on the element.

We wait 15 seconds, use the expected condition element_to_be_clickable, then call the click() method on the element.

Practice

1. What is the main purpose of a BasePage class in Selenium Python testing?

easy

A. To group common web page actions and locators for reuse

B. To store test data for different test cases

C. To define the browser settings and capabilities

D. To generate test reports automatically

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand the role of BasePage

   The BasePage class is designed to hold common actions and locators shared by multiple page classes.

2. Step 2: Compare with other options

   Storing test data, browser settings, or generating reports are not responsibilities of BasePage.

3. Final Answer:

   To group common web page actions and locators for reuse -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   BasePage groups common actions [OK]

Hint: BasePage holds shared page methods and locators [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Confusing BasePage with test data storage
• Thinking BasePage manages browser setup
• Assuming BasePage creates reports

2. Which of the following is the correct way to define a locator tuple in a BasePage class?

easy

A. submit_button = (By.ID, 'submit')

B. submit_button = ['id', 'submit']

C. submit_button = {'id': 'submit'}

D. submit_button = By.ID('submit')

Solution

1. Step 1: Recall locator tuple syntax

   Locator tuples use the format (By.<METHOD>, 'value'), e.g., (By.ID, 'submit').

2. Step 2: Check each option

   submit_button = (By.ID, 'submit') matches the tuple format. The other options use wrong data structures or invalid syntax.

3. Final Answer:

   submit_button = (By.ID, 'submit') -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Locator tuple = (By.METHOD, 'value') [OK]

Hint: Locator tuples always use parentheses and By constants [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using lists or dicts instead of tuples for locators
• Calling By.ID as a function
• Missing parentheses around locator tuple

3. Given this BasePage method, what will page.get_title() return if the browser's current page title is "Welcome Page"?

class BasePage:
    def __init__(self, driver):
        self.driver = driver

    def get_title(self):
        return self.driver.title

page = BasePage(driver)

medium

A. An error because get_title has no return

B. self.driver

C. None

D. "Welcome Page"

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand get_title method

   The method returns self.driver.title, which is the current page title string.

2. Step 2: Check given title

   The browser's current page title is "Welcome Page", so the method returns that string.

3. Final Answer:

   "Welcome Page" -> Option D

4. Quick Check:

   get_title returns driver.title = "Welcome Page" [OK]

Hint: get_title returns driver.title string [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Thinking it returns the driver object
• Assuming no return means None
• Confusing method with attribute

4. Identify the error in this BasePage method and how to fix it:

class BasePage:
    def __init__(self, driver):
        self.driver = driver

    def click_element(locator):
        element = self.driver.find_element(*locator)
        element.click()

medium

A. Using find_element instead of find_elements

B. Missing 'self' parameter in click_element method

C. Locator should be a string, not a tuple

D. element.click() should be element.click

Solution

1. Step 1: Check method parameters

   Instance methods must have 'self' as the first parameter. Here, click_element lacks 'self'.

2. Step 2: Understand impact

   Without 'self', calling click_element will cause a TypeError because 'self.driver' is undefined.

3. Final Answer:

   Missing 'self' parameter in click_element method -> Option B

4. Quick Check:

   Instance methods need 'self' first [OK]

Hint: Always include 'self' as first method parameter [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Forgetting 'self' in instance methods
• Confusing find_element with find_elements
• Misunderstanding locator types
• Using method call without parentheses

5. You want to create a BasePage method is_element_visible that returns True if an element is visible and False if not, without raising exceptions. Which is the best way to implement it?

hard

A. Use driver.page_source to search for element HTML string

B. Call find_element and return True without exception handling

C. Use try-except to catch NoSuchElementException and return False if caught

D. Use find_elements and check if list length is greater than zero

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand element visibility check

   Using find_element raises NoSuchElementException if element not found, so we must handle it.

2. Step 2: Use try-except for safe check

   Try to find element and check is_displayed(). If exception occurs, return False safely.

3. Final Answer:

   Use try-except to catch NoSuchElementException and return False if caught -> Option C

4. Quick Check:

   Try-except handles missing element safely [OK]

Hint: Wrap find_element in try-except to avoid exceptions [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Not handling exceptions causing test failure
• Assuming find_elements always returns visible elements
• Searching page_source is unreliable and slow