Test class consuming page objects in Selenium Java - Test Execution Trace

Test Overview

This test opens a web page, uses a page object to interact with the login form, submits credentials, and verifies successful login by checking the welcome message.

Test Code - JUnit + Selenium

Selenium Java

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;

// Page Object for Login Page
class LoginPage {
    private WebDriver driver;
    private WebDriverWait wait;

    public LoginPage(WebDriver driver) {
        this.driver = driver;
        this.wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, java.time.Duration.ofSeconds(10));
    }

    public void enterUsername(String username) {
        WebElement usernameField = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.id("username")));
        usernameField.clear();
        usernameField.sendKeys(username);
    }

    public void enterPassword(String password) {
        WebElement passwordField = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(By.id("password")));
        passwordField.clear();
        passwordField.sendKeys(password);
    }

    public void clickLogin() {
        WebElement loginButton = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id("loginBtn")));
        loginButton.click();
    }

    public String getWelcomeMessage() {
        WebElement welcomeMsg = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("welcomeMsg")));
        return welcomeMsg.getText();
    }
}

// Test class consuming the LoginPage object
public class LoginTest {
    private WebDriver driver;
    private LoginPage loginPage;

    @BeforeEach
    public void setUp() {
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.get("https://example.com/login");
        loginPage = new LoginPage(driver);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSuccessfulLogin() {
        loginPage.enterUsername("testuser");
        loginPage.enterPassword("password123");
        loginPage.clickLogin();
        String welcome = loginPage.getWelcomeMessage();
        assertEquals("Welcome, testuser!", welcome);
    }

    @AfterEach
    public void tearDown() {
        if (driver != null) {
            driver.quit();
        }
    }
}

Execution Trace - 7 Steps

Step	Action	System State	Assertion	Result
1	Test starts and Chrome browser opens	Browser window is open, ready to navigate	-	PASS
2	Navigates to https://example.com/login	Login page is loaded with username, password fields and login button visible	Page URL is correct and login form elements are present	PASS
3	Finds username input field and enters 'testuser'	Username field contains 'testuser'	Username field text equals 'testuser'	PASS
4	Finds password input field and enters 'password123'	Password field contains 'password123'	Password field text equals 'password123'	PASS
5	Finds and clicks the login button	Login form submitted, page starts loading next view	-	PASS
6	Waits for welcome message element to appear	Welcome message 'Welcome, testuser!' is visible on page	Welcome message text equals 'Welcome, testuser!'	PASS
7	Test ends and browser closes	Browser window closed	-	PASS

Failure Scenario

Failing Condition: Welcome message element does not appear or text is different

Execution Trace Quiz - 3 Questions

What does the test verify after clicking the login button?

A That the login button is disabled

B That the welcome message 'Welcome, testuser!' appears

C That the username field is cleared

D That the password field is hidden

Key Result

Using page objects separates page details from test logic, making tests easier to read and maintain.