Switching between windows in Selenium Java - Interactive Code Practice

Practice - 5 Tasks

1fill in blank

easy

Complete the code to switch to the current browser window.

Selenium Java

driver.switchTo().window([1]);

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

Adriver.close()

Bdriver.getWindowHandles()

Cdriver.getWindowHandle()

Ddriver.switchTo()

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using getWindowHandles() which returns a set of handles, not a single one.

Using switchTo() inside the parameter which is incorrect.

The getWindowHandle() method returns the current window handle, which is used to switch to a specific window.

2fill in blank

medium

Complete the code to get all window handles after opening a new tab.

Selenium Java

Set<String> windowHandles = driver.[1]();

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

AgetWindowHandles

Bclose

CgetWindowHandle

DswitchTo

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using getWindowHandle which returns only one handle.

Trying to call switchTo() without parentheses.

The getWindowHandles() method returns a set of all open window handles, which is useful to switch between multiple windows.

3fill in blank

hard

Fix the error in the code to switch to the second window handle.

Selenium Java

for (String handle : driver.getWindowHandles()) {
    if (!handle.equals([1])) {
        driver.switchTo().window(handle);
        break;
    }
}

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

Adriver.getWindowHandle()

Bdriver.getWindowHandles()

Cdriver.switchTo()

Dhandle

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using getWindowHandles() which returns a set, not a single handle.

Using switchTo() inside the equals comparison.

The code compares each handle to the current window handle, which is obtained by driver.getWindowHandle(). This ensures switching to a different window.

4fill in blank

hard

Fill both blanks to correctly switch back to the original window after closing the new one.

Selenium Java

String originalWindow = driver.[1]();
// After closing new window
 driver.switchTo().[2](originalWindow);

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

AgetWindowHandle

BgetWindowHandles

Cwindow

DwindowHandle

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using getWindowHandles() for the original window handle.

Using getWindowHandle() instead of window() in switchTo.

The first blank uses getWindowHandle() to save the original window handle. The second blank uses window to switch back to that window.

5fill in blank

hard

Fill all three blanks to create a map of window titles keyed by their handles.

Selenium Java

Map<String, String> windowTitles = new HashMap<>();
for (String handle : driver.[1]()) {
    driver.switchTo().[2](handle);
    windowTitles.put(handle, driver.[3]());
}

Drag options to blanks, or click blank then click option'

AgetWindowHandles

Bwindow

CgetTitle

DgetWindowHandle

Attempts:

3 left

💡 Hint

Common Mistakes

Using getWindowHandle() instead of getWindowHandles() for the loop.

Using switchTo().getTitle() which is invalid.

Confusing window() and getWindowHandle() methods.

The code loops through all window handles (getWindowHandles()), switches to each window (window()), and stores the window title (getTitle()) in a map.

Practice

1. What does the getWindowHandle() method return in Selenium WebDriver?

easy

A. The unique ID of the current browser window or tab

B. A list of all open browser windows or tabs

C. The title of the current browser window

D. The URL of the current page

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand getWindowHandle() purpose

   This method returns a unique string ID representing the current window or tab the driver is controlling.

2. Step 2: Differentiate from getWindowHandles()

   Unlike getWindowHandles(), which returns all window IDs, getWindowHandle() returns only the current one.

3. Final Answer:

   The unique ID of the current browser window or tab -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   getWindowHandle() = current window ID [OK]

Hint: Remember: singular handle = current window only [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Confusing getWindowHandle() with getWindowHandles()
• Thinking it returns window title or URL
• Assuming it returns multiple windows

2. Which of the following is the correct syntax to switch to a new window using its handle in Selenium Java?

easy

A. driver.switchToWindowHandle(windowHandle);

B. driver.switchToWindow(windowHandle);

C. driver.switchTo().window(windowHandle);

D. driver.switch.window(windowHandle);

Solution

1. Step 1: Recall correct switch syntax

   The correct method chain is driver.switchTo().window(handle) to switch focus to a window by its handle.

2. Step 2: Identify incorrect options

   Options A, B, and C use invalid method names or chaining not supported by Selenium WebDriver API.

3. Final Answer:

   driver.switchTo().window(windowHandle); -> Option C

4. Quick Check:

   Use switchTo().window() to switch windows [OK]

Hint: Use driver.switchTo().window(handle) always [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using incorrect method names like switchToWindow()
• Missing the switchTo() part before window()
• Trying to call window() directly on driver

3. Consider the following code snippet:

String mainWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();
Set<String> allWindows = driver.getWindowHandles();
for (String window : allWindows) {
    if (!window.equals(mainWindow)) {
        driver.switchTo().window(window);
        driver.close();
    }
}
driver.switchTo().window(mainWindow);
System.out.println(driver.getTitle());

What will this code do?

medium

A. Close all windows including the main one and throw an error

B. Close all windows except the main one and print the main window's title

C. Close only the main window and print the last window's title

D. Switch to the last window and print its title without closing any window

Solution

1. Step 1: Analyze window handles and loop

   The code saves the main window handle, loops through all windows, and closes any window not equal to mainWindow.

2. Step 2: Switch back and print title

   After closing other windows, it switches back to mainWindow and prints its title.

3. Final Answer:

   Close all windows except the main one and print the main window's title -> Option B

4. Quick Check:

   Close others, keep main, print main title [OK]

Hint: Close non-main windows, then switch back [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Closing main window inside the loop
• Not switching back to main window before printing title
• Assuming all windows are closed

4. Identify the error in this Selenium Java code snippet for switching to a new window:

Set<String> windows = driver.getWindowHandles();
for (String win : windows) {
    if (win != driver.getWindowHandle()) {
        driver.switchTo().window(win);
        break;
    }
}

medium

A. Using '!=' to compare strings instead of .equals()

B. Missing driver.quit() after switching windows

C. Not closing the previous window before switching

D. Using getWindowHandles() instead of getWindowHandle()

Solution

1. Step 1: Check string comparison method

   In Java, strings must be compared with .equals(), not '!=' which compares references.

2. Step 2: Identify impact of wrong comparison

   Using '!=' may cause the condition to fail unexpectedly, so the switch may not happen correctly.

3. Final Answer:

   Using '!=' to compare strings instead of .equals() -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Use .equals() for string comparison [OK]

Hint: Always use .equals() to compare strings in Java [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Using '==' or '!=' for string comparison
• Forgetting to break after switching
• Confusing getWindowHandle() and getWindowHandles()

5. You have a test that opens multiple tabs. You want to switch to the tab with title "Dashboard" and perform actions there. Which approach correctly switches to that window?

hard

A. Close all windows except the first, then assume it is "Dashboard"

B. Use driver.switchTo().window("Dashboard"); directly with the title

C. Call driver.getWindowHandle() repeatedly until title is "Dashboard"

D. Iterate all window handles, switch to each, check title, break when title matches "Dashboard"

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand window switching by handle

   You cannot switch windows by title directly; you must switch by handle and then check the title.

2. Step 2: Iterate handles and check titles

   Loop through all window handles, switch to each, check if title equals "Dashboard", then break to stay on that window.

3. Final Answer:

   Iterate all window handles, switch to each, check title, break when title matches "Dashboard" -> Option D

4. Quick Check:

   Switch by handle, check title, then stop [OK]

Hint: Switch windows by handle, verify title, then stop [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Trying to switch using title as window handle
• Not looping through all windows
• Assuming first window is always the target