Navigation (back, forward, refresh) in Selenium Java - Practice Problems & Coding Challenges

Challenge - 5 Problems

❓ Predict Output

intermediate

What is the output of this Selenium navigation code?

Consider the following Selenium Java code snippet. What will be printed after execution?

Selenium Java

WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://example.com/page1");
driver.navigate().to("https://example.com/page2");
driver.navigate().back();
System.out.println(driver.getCurrentUrl());
driver.quit();

A https://example.com/page1

B https://example.com

C https://example.com/page2

D Throws NoSuchWindowException

💡 Hint

Remember that navigate().back() goes to the previous page in browser history.

The code first opens page1, then navigates to page2. Calling navigate().back() returns to page1, so getCurrentUrl() prints page1's URL.

❓ assertion

intermediate

Which assertion correctly verifies the page refresh?

You want to verify that after refreshing the page, the page title remains the same. Which assertion is correct?

Selenium Java

String titleBefore = driver.getTitle();
driver.navigate().refresh();
String titleAfter = driver.getTitle();

A assertNull(titleAfter);

B assertNotEquals(titleBefore, titleAfter);

C assertTrue(titleBefore.contains(titleAfter));

D assertEquals(titleBefore, titleAfter);

💡 Hint

Refreshing should not change the page title.

After refresh, the page title should be the same, so assertEquals is the correct assertion.

🔧 Debug

advanced

Why does this navigation code throw an exception?

This Selenium Java code throws an exception. Identify the cause.

Selenium Java

WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.navigate().back();
driver.get("https://example.com");

A navigate().back() called before any page is loaded causes exception

B driver.get() must be called before navigate() methods

C ChromeDriver does not support navigate().back()

D Missing driver.quit() causes exception

💡 Hint

Think about browser history when calling back navigation.

Calling navigate().back() before loading any page causes an exception because there is no history to go back to.

🧠 Conceptual

advanced

What is the difference between driver.get() and driver.navigate().to()?

Choose the correct statement about driver.get() and driver.navigate().to() in Selenium Java.

A driver.get() can only open URLs in new tabs, navigate().to() cannot

B navigate().to() clears browser history, driver.get() does not

C driver.get() waits for page load, navigate().to() may not wait

D navigate().to() is deprecated and should not be used

💡 Hint

Consider how each method handles page loading.

driver.get() waits for the page to fully load before returning, while navigate().to() may not wait for full load.

❓ framework

expert

How to implement a reliable test for browser back navigation?

You want to write a Selenium Java test that verifies the browser back button works correctly between two pages. Which approach is best?

A Call navigate().back() twice, then assert URL is page1

B Navigate to page1, then page2, call navigate().back(), assert URL is page1

C Navigate to page2 only, call navigate().back(), assert URL is page1

D Navigate to page1, call navigate().back(), assert URL is page1

💡 Hint

Browser back requires history to exist.

To test back navigation, you must have visited page1 then page2. Calling back returns to page1, so asserting page1 URL is correct.