Each as the primary iterator in Ruby - Mini Project: Build & Apply

Using Each as the Primary Iterator in Ruby

📖 Scenario: You work at a small bookstore. You have a list of book titles and their prices. You want to print each book's name with its price to show customers.

🎯 Goal: Build a Ruby program that uses each as the primary iterator to go through a hash of books and prices, then print each book with its price.

📋 What You'll Learn

Create a hash called books with these exact entries: 'Ruby Basics' => 25, 'Rails Guide' => 30, 'JavaScript Essentials' => 20

Create a variable called discount and set it to 5

Use each as the primary iterator with variables title and price to go through books

Inside the loop, subtract discount from price and store it in final_price

Print each book's title and its final_price in the format: "Ruby Basics costs $20"

💡 Why This Matters

🌍 Real World

This project shows how to loop through collections of data, like products and prices, which is common in many business applications.

💼 Career

Knowing how to use <code>each</code> to iterate over hashes is a fundamental skill for Ruby developers working with data collections.

1

Create the books hash

Create a hash called books with these exact entries: 'Ruby Basics' => 25, 'Rails Guide' => 30, 'JavaScript Essentials' => 20

Ruby

# Create the books hash with exact entries
# Your code here

Need a hint?

Use curly braces {} to create a hash. Separate keys and values with =>.

2

Add a discount variable

Create a variable called discount and set it to 5

Ruby

books = {
  'Ruby Basics' => 25,
  'Rails Guide' => 30,
  'JavaScript Essentials' => 20
}
# Create a variable called discount and set it to 5
# Your code here

Need a hint?

Use a simple assignment to create the variable discount.

3

Use each to iterate over books

Use each as the primary iterator with variables title and price to go through books. Inside the loop, subtract discount from price and store it in final_price

Ruby

books = {
  'Ruby Basics' => 25,
  'Rails Guide' => 30,
  'JavaScript Essentials' => 20
}
discount = 5

# Use each with title and price to iterate over books
# Inside the loop, calculate final_price by subtracting discount from price
# Your code here

Need a hint?

Use books.each do |title, price| ... end to loop. Calculate final_price inside the loop.

4

Print each book's title and final price

Inside the each loop, print each book's title and its final_price in the format: "Ruby Basics costs $20"

Ruby

books = {
  'Ruby Basics' => 25,
  'Rails Guide' => 30,
  'JavaScript Essentials' => 20
}
discount = 5

books.each do |title, price|
  final_price = price - discount
  # Print the title and final_price in the format "Title costs $Price"
  # Your code here
end

Need a hint?

Use puts with string interpolation: "#{title} costs $#{final_price}".