Grammar of Graphics concept in R Programming - Mini Project: Build & Apply

Building a Simple Plot Using Grammar of Graphics in R

📖 Scenario: You are a data analyst who wants to visualize the relationship between two variables in a small dataset. You will use the Grammar of Graphics concept to build a plot step-by-step in R.

🎯 Goal: Create a scatter plot using the Grammar of Graphics approach with ggplot2 in R. You will start by setting up the data, then configure the plot, add points, and finally display the plot.

📋 What You'll Learn

Create a data frame called data with exact columns height and weight and given values

Create a ggplot object called plot with data and aesthetic mapping for height and weight

Add a geom_point() layer to plot to show points

Print the plot object to display the scatter plot

💡 Why This Matters

🌍 Real World

Data analysts and scientists use the Grammar of Graphics to build clear and customizable visualizations to understand data patterns.

💼 Career

Knowing how to use ggplot2 and the Grammar of Graphics is essential for roles in data analysis, data science, and reporting.

1

DATA SETUP: Create the data frame

Create a data frame called data with two columns: height containing values 150, 160, 170, 180, 190 and weight containing values 65, 70, 75, 80, 85.

R Programming

# Create the data frame called data with height and weight columns
# Your code here

Need a hint?

Use data.frame() with height = c(...) and weight = c(...) to create the data.

2

CONFIGURATION: Create the ggplot object

Create a ggplot object called plot using the data data frame, and map height to the x-axis and weight to the y-axis using aes().

R Programming

data <- data.frame(
  height = c(150, 160, 170, 180, 190),
  weight = c(65, 70, 75, 80, 85)
)
# Create the ggplot object called plot with data and aes mapping
# Your code here

Need a hint?

Use ggplot(data, aes(x = height, y = weight)) to create the plot object.

3

CORE LOGIC: Add points layer

Add a points layer to the plot object by adding geom_point().

R Programming

library(ggplot2)
data <- data.frame(
  height = c(150, 160, 170, 180, 190),
  weight = c(65, 70, 75, 80, 85)
)
plot <- ggplot(data, aes(x = height, y = weight))
# Add geom_point() layer to plot
# Your code here

Need a hint?

Add + geom_point() to the ggplot object to show points.

4

OUTPUT: Display the plot

Print the plot object to display the scatter plot.

R Programming

library(ggplot2)
data <- data.frame(
  height = c(150, 160, 170, 180, 190),
  weight = c(65, 70, 75, 80, 85)
)
plot <- ggplot(data, aes(x = height, y = weight)) + geom_point()
# Print the plot object
# Your code here

Need a hint?

Use print(plot) to show the plot in R.