ggplot() and aes() basics in R Programming - Mini Project: Build & Apply

Basic Plot with ggplot() and aes() in R

📖 Scenario: You are a data analyst who wants to visualize the relationship between two variables in a small dataset. You will create a simple scatter plot using ggplot() and aes() from the ggplot2 package in R.

🎯 Goal: Build a scatter plot using ggplot() and aes() to map variables to the x and y axes.

📋 What You'll Learn

Create a data frame called data with two numeric columns: height and weight with exact values

Create a ggplot object using ggplot() with data as the data source

Use aes() inside ggplot() to map height to the x-axis and weight to the y-axis

Add geom_point() to display the points

Print the plot object to display the scatter plot

💡 Why This Matters

🌍 Real World

Creating visualizations helps understand data patterns and relationships quickly, which is useful in reports and presentations.

💼 Career

Data analysts and scientists use ggplot2 to create clear and attractive charts to communicate insights effectively.

1

Create the data frame

Create a data frame called data with two columns: height containing the values 150, 160, 170, 180, 190 and weight containing the values 65, 70, 75, 80, 85.

R Programming

# Create the data frame called data with height and weight columns
# Your code here

Need a hint?

Use data.frame() with height = c(...) and weight = c(...) to create the data.

2

Create the ggplot object with aes()

Create a variable called plot and assign it the result of ggplot() with data as the data source and aes() mapping height to x and weight to y.

R Programming

data <- data.frame(
  height = c(150, 160, 170, 180, 190),
  weight = c(65, 70, 75, 80, 85)
)
# Create the ggplot object called plot with aes mapping height to x and weight to y
# Your code here

Need a hint?

Use ggplot(data, aes(x = height, y = weight)) and assign it to plot.

3

Add points to the plot

Add geom_point() to the plot object to show the data points. Update plot by adding + geom_point().

R Programming

library(ggplot2)

data <- data.frame(
  height = c(150, 160, 170, 180, 190),
  weight = c(65, 70, 75, 80, 85)
)

plot <- ggplot(data, aes(x = height, y = weight))
# Add geom_point() to plot
# Your code here

Need a hint?

Add + geom_point() to the ggplot call to show points.

4

Display the plot

Print the plot object to display the scatter plot.

R Programming

library(ggplot2)

data <- data.frame(
  height = c(150, 160, 170, 180, 190),
  weight = c(65, 70, 75, 80, 85)
)

plot <- ggplot(data, aes(x = height, y = weight)) + geom_point()
# Print the plot to display it
# Your code here

Need a hint?

Use print(plot) to show the plot.