MVC architecture overview in PHP - Mini Project: Build & Apply

MVC Architecture Overview in PHP

📖 Scenario: Imagine you are building a simple web application to show a list of books. You want to organize your code so it is easy to manage and understand. The MVC (Model-View-Controller) pattern helps you do this by separating your code into three parts: data (Model), user interface (View), and control logic (Controller).

🎯 Goal: You will create a basic PHP program that uses MVC architecture to display a list of books. You will set up the data, configure a controller, create a view to show the books, and finally display the output.

📋 What You'll Learn

Create a Model to hold book data

Create a Controller to handle the logic

Create a View to display the books

Use MVC structure to separate code clearly

💡 Why This Matters

🌍 Real World

MVC is used in many web applications to keep code organized and easy to update. For example, online stores use MVC to manage products, user views, and actions separately.

💼 Career

Understanding MVC is important for PHP developers working on web projects. It helps you write clean, maintainable code and collaborate with others.

1

Create the Model with book data

Create a PHP array called $books with these exact entries: 'The Great Gatsby', '1984', 'To Kill a Mockingbird'.

PHP

<?php
// Create the array $books with the given book titles
// Your code here

Need a hint?

Use a PHP array with the exact book titles inside square brackets.

2

Create the Controller to manage books

Create a function called getBooks() that returns the $books array.

PHP

<?php
$books = ['The Great Gatsby', '1984', 'To Kill a Mockingbird'];
// Create function getBooks() that returns $books
// Your code here

Need a hint?

Use the global keyword inside the function to access $books.

3

Create the View to display books

Create a function called showBooks() that calls getBooks() and uses a foreach loop with variable $book to print each book inside an HTML <li> element.

PHP

 tags
// Your code here

Need a hint?

Use echo to print HTML list items inside the loop.

4

Display the books using MVC

Call the showBooks() function to display the list of books.

PHP

";
    foreach ($booksList as $book) {
        echo "" . htmlspecialchars($book) . "";
    }
    echo "";
}

// Call showBooks() to display the books
// Your code here

Need a hint?

Just call showBooks() to print the list.