Figure and Axes mental model in Matplotlib - Mini Project: Build & Apply

Figure and Axes Mental Model

📖 Scenario: You are working on a simple data visualization project. You want to understand how Figure and Axes work together in matplotlib to create plots.Think of the Figure as a blank canvas or a picture frame, and the Axes as the area inside the frame where you draw your graph.

🎯 Goal: Build a basic plot using matplotlib by creating a Figure and adding an Axes to it. Then plot some simple data on the Axes.

📋 What You'll Learn

Create a Figure object using plt.figure()

Add an Axes object to the Figure using fig.add_subplot()

Plot a simple line graph on the Axes using ax.plot()

Display the plot using plt.show()

💡 Why This Matters

🌍 Real World

Understanding the Figure and Axes model helps you create clear and organized visualizations for data analysis and presentations.

💼 Career

Data scientists and analysts use matplotlib's Figure and Axes to build professional charts and graphs that communicate insights effectively.

1

Create a Figure object

Write code to create a Figure object called fig using plt.figure().

Matplotlib

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# Create a Figure object called fig
# Your code here

Need a hint?

Use plt.figure() to create a new Figure object and assign it to fig.

2

Add an Axes to the Figure

Add an Axes object called ax to the Figure fig using fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1).

Matplotlib

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
# Add an Axes object called ax to fig
# Your code here

Need a hint?

Use fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1) to add a single Axes to the Figure and assign it to ax.

3

Plot data on the Axes

Use the ax.plot() method to plot the data points [1, 2, 3] on the x-axis and [4, 5, 6] on the y-axis.

Matplotlib

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)
# Plot x values [1, 2, 3] and y values [4, 5, 6] on ax
# Your code here

Need a hint?

Call ax.plot() with the x and y data lists as arguments.

4

Display the plot

Use plt.show() to display the plot you created.

Matplotlib

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)
ax.plot([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6])
# Display the plot
# Your code here

Need a hint?

Call plt.show() to open a window showing your plot.