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Design a system component to track castling rights efficiently during a chess game. Which data structure best supports constant-time updates and checks?

hard📝 Trade-off Q8 of 15
LLD - Design — Chess Game
Design a system component to track castling rights efficiently during a chess game. Which data structure best supports constant-time updates and checks?
AA bitmask representing castling rights for each side
BA list of all moves made so far
CA queue of recent piece positions
DA hash map of piece types to positions
Step-by-Step Solution
Solution:
  1. Step 1: Identify requirements for castling rights tracking

    We need quick updates and checks if castling is allowed for each side.
  2. Step 2: Evaluate data structures for efficiency

    A bitmask can represent castling rights compactly and allow constant-time updates and checks.
  3. Final Answer:

    A bitmask representing castling rights for each side -> Option A
  4. Quick Check:

    Efficient castling rights tracking = C [OK]
Quick Trick: Use bitmask for fast castling rights checks [OK]
Common Mistakes:
  • Using full move history slows checks
  • Queues don't represent rights directly
  • Hash maps add unnecessary complexity

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