Feature tests in Laravel

Introduction

Feature tests check if your app works correctly from the user's view. They test multiple parts together, like pages and forms.

To verify a user can log in successfully.

To check if a form submits and saves data correctly.

To ensure a page shows the right content after an action.

To test if a user is redirected after submitting a form.

To confirm that middleware or authentication works as expected.

Syntax

Laravel

public function test_example_feature()
{
    $response = $this->get('/some-url');
    $response->assertStatus(200);
    $response->assertSee('Welcome');
}

Feature tests use HTTP methods like get(), post(), put(), delete() to simulate user actions.

Assertions check the response status, content, redirects, and more.

Examples

This test checks if the homepage loads and shows the word 'Laravel'.

Laravel

public function test_homepage_loads()
{
    $response = $this->get('/');
    $response->assertStatus(200);
    $response->assertSee('Laravel');
}

This test submits a registration form and checks if the user is redirected and saved in the database.

Laravel

public function test_user_can_register()
{
    $response = $this->post('/register', [
        'name' => 'Alice',
        'email' => '[e-mail]',
        'password' => 'password',
        'password_confirmation' => 'password',
    ]);
    $response->assertRedirect('/home');
    $this->assertDatabaseHas('users', ['email' => '[e-mail]']);
}

Sample Program

This feature test checks if the login page loads and if a user can log in with correct details.

Laravel

<?php

namespace Tests\Feature;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;
use Tests\TestCase;

class LoginTest extends TestCase
{
    use RefreshDatabase;

    public function test_user_can_view_login_page()
    {
        $response = $this->get('/login');
        $response->assertStatus(200);
        $response->assertSee('Login');
    }

    public function test_user_can_login_with_correct_credentials()
    {
        // Create a user
        $user = \App\Models\User::factory()->create([
            'password' => bcrypt('secret123'),
        ]);

        $response = $this->post('/login', [
            'email' => $user->email,
            'password' => 'secret123',
        ]);

        $response->assertRedirect('/home');
        $this->assertAuthenticatedAs($user);
    }
}

Important Notes

Use RefreshDatabase trait to reset the database for each test.

Feature tests simulate real user actions by sending HTTP requests.

Run tests with php artisan test to see results.

Summary

Feature tests check app behavior from the user's perspective.

They use HTTP requests and assertions to verify pages and actions.

They help catch bugs before users see them.

Practice

1. What is the main purpose of Feature tests in Laravel?

easy

A. To test how the application behaves from the user's perspective

B. To check the syntax of PHP code

C. To test database migrations only

D. To optimize application performance

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand the role of feature tests

   Feature tests simulate user actions and check the app's responses to ensure it works as expected.

2. Step 2: Compare with other test types

   Unlike unit tests or migration tests, feature tests focus on user experience and request handling.

3. Final Answer:

   To test how the application behaves from the user's perspective -> Option A

4. Quick Check:

   Feature tests = user behavior testing [OK]

Hint: Feature tests simulate user requests and responses [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Confusing feature tests with unit tests
• Thinking feature tests only check database
• Assuming feature tests optimize performance

2. Which of the following is the correct way to start a feature test method in Laravel?

easy

A. public testUserCanLogin()

B. function testUserCanLogin()

C. public function testUserCanLogin()

D. def testUserCanLogin()

Solution

1. Step 1: Recall Laravel test method syntax

   Laravel feature test methods must be public and start with 'test' or have the @test annotation.

2. Step 2: Identify correct PHP method declaration

   Only 'public function testUserCanLogin()' is valid PHP syntax for a test method in Laravel.

3. Final Answer:

   public function testUserCanLogin() -> Option C

4. Quick Check:

   Test methods are public functions [OK]

Hint: Test methods must be public functions starting with 'test' [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Omitting 'public' keyword
• Using wrong function declaration syntax
• Using Python style 'def' keyword

3. Given this Laravel feature test code:

public function testHomePageReturnsOk()
{
    $response = $this->get('/');
    $response->assertStatus(200);
}

What does this test check?

medium

A. The home page returns a 404 error

B. The home page returns a 200 OK status

C. The home page redirects to login

D. The home page returns JSON data

Solution

1. Step 1: Analyze the HTTP request in the test

   The test sends a GET request to '/' (home page).

2. Step 2: Check the assertion

   The test asserts the response status is 200, meaning OK.

3. Final Answer:

   The home page returns a 200 OK status -> Option B

4. Quick Check:

   assertStatus(200) means success [OK]

Hint: assertStatus(200) means page loaded successfully [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Confusing 200 with 404 or redirect codes
• Assuming JSON response without checking
• Misreading the URL path

4. What is wrong with this Laravel feature test code?

public function testUserRegistration()
{
    $response = $this->post('/register', [
        'email' => '[e-mail]',
        'password' => 'secret',
    ]);
    $response->assertRedirect('/home');
}

medium

A. Missing CSRF token in the post request

B. Password should be hashed before sending

C. Password field should be 'password_confirmation' instead of 'password'

D. The test method is missing the 'public' keyword

Solution

1. Step 1: Understand Laravel's CSRF protection

   Laravel requires a CSRF token for POST requests to prevent attacks.

2. Step 2: Check test request handling

   Feature tests use the 'web' middleware group by default, which includes CSRF protection. The $this->post() method does not automatically include a CSRF token, so the test will fail unless the token is provided or middleware is disabled.

3. Step 3: Identify the actual issue

   Since the test does not disable middleware, missing CSRF token causes failure.

4. Final Answer:

   Missing CSRF token in the post request -> Option A

5. Quick Check:

   POST requests need CSRF token unless middleware disabled [OK]

Hint: Remember CSRF token is needed for POST requests [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Assuming password must be hashed in test input
• Confusing password and password_confirmation fields
• Ignoring middleware effects on tests

5. You want to test a feature where a logged-in user can update their profile. Which sequence correctly sets up the test in Laravel feature tests?

hard

A. Assert redirect -> Create user -> Send POST request -> Act as user

B. Send POST request to update route -> Create user -> Assert redirect -> Act as user

C. Act as user -> Assert redirect -> Create user -> Send POST request

D. Create user -> Act as user -> Send POST request to update route -> Assert redirect

Solution

1. Step 1: Create a user to simulate logged-in state

   First, create a user instance in the database for authentication.

2. Step 2: Use actingAs() to simulate logged-in user

   Use $this->actingAs($user) to run requests as that user.

3. Step 3: Send POST request to update profile route

   Send the update request while acting as the user.

4. Step 4: Assert the response redirects as expected

   Check that the response redirects to the correct page after update.

5. Final Answer:

   Create user -> Act as user -> Send POST request to update route -> Assert redirect -> Option D

6. Quick Check:

   Setup user then act as user before request [OK]

Hint: Create user first, then act as user before request [OK]

Common Mistakes:

• Sending request before acting as user
• Not creating user before acting as user
• Asserting redirect before sending request