Visibility modifiers (public, private, internal, protected) in Kotlin - Cheat Sheet & Quick Revision

Recall & Review

beginner

What does the public visibility modifier mean in Kotlin?

The public modifier means the declaration is visible everywhere. It is the default visibility if no modifier is specified.

beginner

Explain the private visibility modifier in Kotlin.

The <strong>private</strong> modifier restricts the visibility to the containing class or file. It means the declaration cannot be accessed outside that scope.

intermediate

What does internal visibility mean in Kotlin?

internal means the declaration is visible everywhere in the same module but not outside it. A module is a set of Kotlin files compiled together.

intermediate

Describe the protected visibility modifier in Kotlin.

<strong>protected</strong> means the declaration is visible in the class and its subclasses. It is not visible outside these classes, even if in the same package.

beginner

Which visibility modifier is the default in Kotlin if none is specified?

The default visibility modifier in Kotlin is public, meaning the declaration is visible everywhere.

Which Kotlin visibility modifier allows access only within the same file?

A protected

B public

C internal

D private

private restricts access to the containing file or class.

What does the internal modifier restrict visibility to?

A Only the containing class

B The same module

C Anywhere in the project

D Only subclasses

internal means visible within the same module.

Which modifier allows visibility in subclasses but not outside the class hierarchy?

A protected

B public

C private

D internal

protected allows access in the class and its subclasses.

If no visibility modifier is specified in Kotlin, what is the default?

A public

B internal

C protected

D private

The default visibility is public.

Can a private member be accessed from another file in the same module?

A Yes

B Only if it is a subclass

C No

D Only if marked internal

private members are not accessible outside their file or class.

Describe the four visibility modifiers in Kotlin and give a simple example of when to use each.

Think about who should see your code: everyone, only inside, inside module, or subclasses.

Explain why you might choose internal over public for a Kotlin class.

Consider controlling access in bigger projects with multiple modules.