URLs and their structure in Intro to Computing - Cheat Sheet & Quick Revision

Recall & Review

beginner

What does URL stand for?

URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator. It is the address used to find resources on the internet, like websites or files.

beginner

Name the main parts of a URL.

A URL has these main parts: <br>1. Protocol (like http or https)<br>2. Domain name (like www.example.com)<br>3. Optional port number (like :80)<br>4. Path (like /page1)<br>5. Optional query parameters (like ?id=123)<br>6. Optional fragment (like #section2)

beginner

What is the role of the protocol in a URL?

The protocol tells the browser how to communicate with the server. For example, 'http' or 'https' means to use the HyperText Transfer Protocol, where 'https' is secure.

beginner

Explain the difference between domain and path in a URL.

The domain is like the street address of a building (e.g., www.example.com). The path is like the room number inside the building (e.g., /about). Together, they tell the browser exactly where to go.

intermediate

What are query parameters in a URL?

Query parameters come after a question mark (?) in a URL. They send extra information to the server, like search terms or filters. For example, '?search=books' tells the server to look for books.

Which part of the URL specifies the website's address?

A Protocol

B Path

C Domain name

D Query parameters

The domain name is the main address of the website, like www.example.com.

What symbol starts the query parameters in a URL?

A ?

B /

C #

D :

Query parameters always start with a question mark (?) in a URL.

In the URL 'https://www.site.com:8080/page?item=5#top', what does ':8080' represent?

A Path

B Protocol

C Fragment

D Port number

The ':8080' is the port number telling the browser which port to use to connect.

What does the fragment part of a URL do?

A Points to a section within the page

B Sends data to the server

C Specifies the server location

D Defines the protocol

The fragment, after a #, points to a specific section inside the webpage.

Which protocol indicates a secure connection?

A http

B https

C smtp

D ftp

'https' means the connection is secure using encryption.

Describe the structure of a URL and explain the purpose of each part.

Think of a URL like a mailing address with extra details.

Explain how query parameters and fragments are used in URLs with examples.

Consider how you search or jump to parts of a webpage.