URLs and their structure in Intro to Computing - Practice Problems & Coding Challenges

Challenge - 5 Problems

🧠 Conceptual

intermediate

Identify the parts of a URL

Look at this URL:
https://www.example.com:8080/path/to/page?search=books#section2
Which part represents the port number?

A 8080

B section2

C /path/to/page

D https

💡 Hint

The port number comes after the domain and a colon (:).

In a URL, the port number is the number after the domain name separated by a colon. Here, 8080 is the port number.

❓ trace

intermediate

Trace URL components extraction

Given this URL:
http://blog.site.org/articles?id=123#comments
What is the value of the query string?

A 123

B id=123

C articles

D comments

💡 Hint

The query string comes after the question mark (?) in a URL.

The query string is the part after '?' and before '#'. Here, it is 'id=123'.

❓ Comparison

advanced

Compare URLs with and without port numbers

Which URL will connect to the default HTTP port?

A http://example.com/index.html

B http://example.com:443/index.html

C http://example.com:8080/index.html

D http://example.com:80/index.html

💡 Hint

Default HTTP port is 80 and usually omitted in URLs.

When no port is specified, HTTP uses port 80 by default. Option A omits the port, so it uses port 80.

❓ identification

advanced

Identify the fragment identifier in a URL

In the URL https://example.com/page.html#top, what does the fragment identifier represent?

A The domain name

B The path to the page

C The part after the hash (#) used to jump to a section

D The query parameters

💡 Hint

Fragment identifiers come after the '#' symbol.

The fragment identifier is the part after '#' and is used to jump to a specific section on the page.

🚀 Application

expert

Determine the full URL from parts

You have these URL parts:
- Protocol: https
- Domain: www.shop.com
- Port: 443
- Path: /products
- Query: category=books&sort=price
- Fragment: reviews

Which is the correct full URL?

A http://www.shop.com:443/products?category=books&sort=price#reviews

B https://www.shop.com:443/products?category=books&sort=price#reviews

C https://www.shop.com:80/products?category=books&sort=price#reviews

D https://www.shop.com/products?category=books&sort=price#reviews

💡 Hint

Port 443 is default for HTTPS and usually omitted.

Port 443 is the default for HTTPS, so it is usually not shown in the URL. The protocol must be https, not http.