Why conditional logic is needed in C++ - Challenge Your Understanding

Challenge - 5 Problems

❓ Predict Output

intermediate

Output of conditional logic in C++

What is the output of this C++ code snippet?

C++

#include <iostream>
int main() {
    int x = 10;
    if (x > 5) {
        std::cout << "Greater" << std::endl;
    } else {
        std::cout << "Smaller or equal" << std::endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

A Compilation error

B Greater

C Smaller or equal

D 10

💡 Hint

Check the condition if (x > 5).

Since x is 10, which is greater than 5, the if block runs and prints "Greater".

🧠 Conceptual

intermediate

Why use conditional logic?

Why do programmers use conditional logic in their code?

A To make the program run faster

B To repeat the same code multiple times

C To store data permanently

D To make decisions and run different code based on conditions

💡 Hint

Think about how programs choose what to do next.

Conditional logic lets programs decide what to do depending on different situations or values.

❓ Predict Output

advanced

Output with nested if-else

What will this C++ program print?

C++

#include <iostream>
int main() {
    int score = 75;
    if (score >= 90) {
        std::cout << "A" << std::endl;
    } else if (score >= 70) {
        std::cout << "B" << std::endl;
    } else {
        std::cout << "C" << std::endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

A A

B C

C B

D Compilation error

💡 Hint

Check which condition score = 75 satisfies.

75 is not >= 90, so first if is false. It is >= 70, so second condition is true, printing "B".

🔧 Debug

advanced

Find the error in conditional logic

This code is supposed to print "Positive" if number is greater than zero, but it does not compile. What is the error?

C++

#include <iostream>
int main() {
    int number = 5;
    if number > 0 {
        std::cout << "Positive" << std::endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

A Missing parentheses around condition in if statement

B Missing semicolon after if statement

C Wrong variable name

D Missing return statement

💡 Hint

Check the syntax of the if statement.

In C++, the condition in an if statement must be inside parentheses: if (condition).

🚀 Application

expert

Predict the output of complex conditional logic

What is the output of this C++ program?

C++

#include <iostream>
int main() {
    int a = 3, b = 4, c = 5;
    if (a > b) {
        if (b > c) {
            std::cout << "X" << std::endl;
        } else {
            std::cout << "Y" << std::endl;
        }
    } else if (a + b > c) {
        std::cout << "Z" << std::endl;
    } else {
        std::cout << "W" << std::endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

A Z

B W

C Y

D X

💡 Hint

Check each condition step by step with a=3, b=4, c=5.

a > b is false (3 > 4 false), so first if block skipped. Next, a + b > c is 7 > 5 true, so prints "Z".