If statement in C++ - Practice Problems & Coding Challenges

Challenge - 5 Problems

❓ Predict Output

intermediate

Output of nested if statements

What is the output of this C++ code snippet?

C++

int x = 5;
int y = 10;
if (x > 3) {
    if (y < 15) {
        std::cout << "A";
    } else {
        std::cout << "B";
    }
} else {
    std::cout << "C";
}

A A

B B

C C

D No output

💡 Hint

Check both conditions in the nested if statements carefully.

Since x is 5 (which is greater than 3) and y is 10 (which is less than 15), the first if and the nested if both run, printing 'A'.

❓ Predict Output

intermediate

If-else with logical operators

What will this C++ code print?

C++

int a = 7;
int b = 3;
if (a > 5 && b < 5) {
    std::cout << "X";
} else {
    std::cout << "Y";
}

A No output

B Y

C X

D Compilation error

💡 Hint

Both conditions in the if must be true for the if block to run.

a is 7 (greater than 5) and b is 3 (less than 5), so both conditions are true and 'X' is printed.

❓ Predict Output

advanced

If statement with assignment inside condition

What is the output of this C++ code?

C++

int x = 0;
if (x = 5) {
    std::cout << x;
} else {
    std::cout << 0;
}

A 5

B 0

C Compilation error

D Undefined behavior

💡 Hint

Remember that assignment inside if condition returns the assigned value.

The assignment 'x = 5' sets x to 5 and returns 5, which is true in the if condition, so it prints 5.

❓ Predict Output

advanced

If statement with multiple else if branches

What will this C++ code print?

C++

int n = 15;
if (n < 10) {
    std::cout << "Low";
} else if (n < 20) {
    std::cout << "Medium";
} else {
    std::cout << "High";
}

A No output

B Low

C High

D Medium

💡 Hint

Check which condition matches the value of n first.

n is 15, which is not less than 10 but less than 20, so it prints 'Medium'.

❓ Predict Output

expert

If statement with complex boolean expression

What is the output of this C++ code?

C++

bool a = true;
bool b = false;
bool c = true;
if ((a && b) || (b || c)) {
    std::cout << "Yes";
} else {
    std::cout << "No";
}

A No

B Yes

C Compilation error

D No output

💡 Hint

Evaluate the boolean expression step by step.

The expression (a && b) is false, but (b || c) is true, so the whole condition is true and prints 'Yes'.