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Deposit Insurance & Credit Guarantee (DICGC)

Introduction

Deposit Insurance & Credit Guarantee भारतीय बैंकिंग सिस्टम में एक महत्वपूर्ण safety mechanism है, जो किसी बैंक के fail होने पर जमाकर्ताओं के पैसे की सुरक्षा करता है। यह concept SBI और IBPS परीक्षाओं में अक्सर direct amount-based और coverage-based questions के रूप में पूछा जाता है।

DICGC को समझने से candidates deposit protection और loan recovery laws जैसे SARFAESI के बीच स्पष्ट अंतर कर पाते हैं।

Pattern: Deposit Insurance & Credit Guarantee (DICGC)

Pattern

मुख्य विचार यह है कि DICGC bank deposits को insurance cover एक तय सीमा तक प्रदान करता है, ताकि बैंक के fail होने पर जमाकर्ता सुरक्षित रहें।

Step-by-Step Example

Question

Deposit Insurance and Credit Guarantee scheme के तहत, किसी बैंक में प्रति depositor अधिकतम कितनी राशि insured होती है?

Options:
A. ₹1,00,000
B. ₹2,00,000
C. ₹5,00,000
D. ₹10,00,000

Solution

  1. Step 1: insured deposit limit याद करें

    DICGC प्रति depositor, प्रति bank एक तय maximum राशि तक insurance cover देता है।

  2. Step 2: current insurance limit लागू करें

    DICGC के तहत insured amount प्रति depositor ₹5,00,000 है।

  3. Step 3: सही option से match करें

    दिए गए options में ₹5,00,000 ही insured limit से match करता है।

  4. Final Answer:

    ₹5,00,000 → Option C

  5. Quick Check:

    Depositor protection limit = ₹5 lakh under DICGC ✅

Quick Variations

• प्रश्न पूछा जा सकता है “Protection किसे मिलती है?” → Depositors को, banks को नहीं।

• Insurance प्रति depositor per bank लागू होती है।

• Credit guarantee वाला हिस्सा basic level पर detail में कम पूछा जाता है।

Trick to Always Use

  • Step 1 → अगर question depositor safety की बात करे, तो DICGC सोचें।
  • Step 2 → fixed figure याद रखें: ₹5 lakh।
  • Step 3 → loan recovery या asset seizure से जुड़े options eliminate करें।

Summary

Summary

  • DICGC depositors की protection करता है, banks की नहीं।
  • Maximum insured amount ₹5,00,000 प्रति depositor प्रति bank है।
  • यह bank failure या liquidation की स्थिति में लागू होता है।
  • DICGC, SARFAESI जैसे loan recovery laws से अलग है।

Example याद रखने के लिए:
“Bank fails → Depositor protected up to ₹5 lakh by DICGC.”

Practice

(1/5)
1. Deposit Insurance under DICGC is mainly intended to protect:
easy
A. Bank depositors
B. Shareholders of banks
C. Bank employees
D. Borrowers of banks

Solution

  1. Step 1: Identify the purpose of deposit insurance

    The scheme is designed to ensure safety of public money kept in banks.

  2. Step 2: Match the beneficiary

    Only depositors receive protection if a bank fails.

  3. Final Answer:

    Bank depositors → Option A

  4. Quick Check:

    DICGC = depositor protection, not shareholder benefit ✅
Hint: Deposits at risk → DICGC protects depositors.
Common Mistakes: Assuming DICGC protects banks or shareholders instead of depositors.
2. Deposit insurance cover provided by DICGC is calculated on which basis?
easy
A. Per branch of a bank
B. Per depositor per bank
C. Per account held by a depositor
D. Per financial year

Solution

  1. Step 1: Recall the coverage rule

    DICGC coverage is linked to the depositor and the bank.

  2. Step 2: Eliminate incorrect bases

    Coverage is not account-wise, branch-wise, or year-wise.

  3. Final Answer:

    Per depositor per bank → Option B

  4. Quick Check:

    Multiple accounts in one bank = single combined cover ✅
Hint: Remember: person + bank = one insurance limit.
Common Mistakes: Thinking each account gets separate insurance cover.
3. Which of the following types of deposits is covered under DICGC insurance?
easy
A. Only current deposits
B. Only savings deposits
C. Savings, current, fixed, and recurring deposits
D. Only fixed deposits above ₹5 lakh

Solution

  1. Step 1: Identify deposits eligible for insurance

    DICGC covers all common bank deposit types.

  2. Step 2: Verify comprehensive coverage

    Savings, current, fixed, and recurring deposits are included.

  3. Final Answer:

    Savings, current, fixed, and recurring deposits → Option C

  4. Quick Check:

    All basic bank deposits are covered under DICGC ✅
Hint: If it’s a bank deposit, it is generally insured.
Common Mistakes: Believing only savings or fixed deposits are insured.
4. DICGC insurance becomes applicable to a depositor mainly when:
medium
A. Interest rates fall sharply
B. A bank increases service charges
C. A borrower defaults on a loan
D. A bank is liquidated or faces failure

Solution

  1. Step 1: Understand the trigger for insurance

    DICGC protection activates when a bank cannot repay depositors.

  2. Step 2: Identify the correct situation

    Bank failure or liquidation leads to insurance payout.

  3. Final Answer:

    A bank is liquidated or faces failure → Option D

  4. Quick Check:

    DICGC is for bank failure scenarios, not normal operations ✅
Hint: No bank failure = no insurance claim.
Common Mistakes: Assuming DICGC applies during normal banking losses or defaults.
5. Which of the following statements about DICGC is correct?
medium
A. It ensures depositor confidence in the banking system
B. It helps banks recover bad loans
C. It fixes lending rates for banks
D. It regulates mergers of banks

Solution

  1. Step 1: Recall the broader objective

    DICGC builds trust among depositors.

  2. Step 2: Eliminate unrelated functions

    Loan recovery, rate fixation, and mergers are outside DICGC’s role.

  3. Final Answer:

    It ensures depositor confidence in the banking system → Option A

  4. Quick Check:

    Depositor safety leads to system confidence ✅
Hint: DICGC = confidence + safety for depositors.
Common Mistakes: Confusing DICGC with recovery or regulatory laws.

Mock Test

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